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Hattori defined the osmium isotope evolution of Earth's mantle, providing evidence for an accretion of chondritic meteorites after the core-mantle separation.
Prior to Hattori's research, the origin of large nuggets of platinum-group metals in streams was a subject of debate, with some proposing river water formation under a tropical climate and others suggesting mechanical erosion from rocks. However, her research presented evidence supporting their formation in rocks at high temperatures, followed by erosion to streams.
Through Hattori's research, it was also revealed that platinum grains found in streams contain oxygen, which led to initial suggestions of platinum oxide; however, using synchrotron techniques, it was demonstrated that the oxygen is combined with iron, not with platinum. | 1 | Geochemists |
Chan King-ming earned his Bachelor of Science and Master of Philosophy degrees at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, and his doctoral degree from Memorial University of Newfoundland in St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.
He is now director of the Environmental Science Program at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. He teaches many different courses including Current Environmental Issues, Biochemical Toxicology and Introduction to Environmental Science in the Environmental Science Program and Molecular Endocrinology in the Biochemistry Programme. Trained as a molecular biologist for his PhD and post-doctoral research, Professor Chan's research interests include gene regulation, aquatic toxicology, marine biotechnology and environmental biochemistry and environmental policy. Prof. Chan is also chairman of CUTA (Chinese University Teachers Association), trustee of Shaw College Board of trustees, Member of Assembly of Fellows, Shaw College, and warden of Hostel 2, Shaw College. | 0 | Biochemists |
Mayeda worked initially as a laboratory assistant to Harold Urey at the University of Chicago, where she was hired initially to wash glassware. They used mass spectrometry to measure oxygen isotopes in the shells of marine molluscs which gave information on the prehistoric temperatures of ocean waters and hence paleoclimates. Urey developed the field of cosmochemistry and with Mayeda studied primitive meteorites, also by using oxygen isotope analysis. Later, she worked with Cesare Emiliani on isotopic evaluation of the ice age. When Urey retired from the university in 1958, Mayeda was persuaded to remain there by Robert N. Clayton, and collaborate with him on applications of mass spectroscopy. She was described as an indomitable research assistant.
Mayeda and Clayton's first research paper considered the use of Bromine pentafluoride to extract Isotopes of oxygen from rocks and minerals. It remains their most cited work. From the 1970s until the late 1990s Mayeda and Clayton became famous for their use of oxygen isotopes to classify meteorites. They developed several tests that were used across the field of meteorite and lunar sample analysis. They studied variations in the abundances of the stable isotopes of oxygen, oxygen-16, oxygen-17 and oxygen-18, and deduced differences in the formation temperatures of the meteorites. They also worked on the mass spectroscopy and chemistry of the Allende meteorite. They published many scientific papers on the "oxygen thermometer" and analysed approximately 300 lunar samples that had been collected during NASAs Apollo Program.
In 1992, a new type of meteorite, the Brachinite, was identified. Clayton and Mayeda studied the Achondrite meteorites and showed that variations in the oxygen-17 isotope ratios within a planet are due to inhomogeneities in the Solar Nebula. They analysed Shergotty meteorites, proposing that there could have been a water-rich atmosphere on Mars and studied the Bocaiuva meteorite, finding that the Eagle Station meteorite was formed due to impact heating.
In 2002 Mayeda was awarded the Society Merit Prize from the Geochemical Society of Japan. In the same year, an asteroid was named after her. Mayedas husband, Harry, died in 2003. Mayeda suffered from cancer and died on February 13, 2004. In 2008, the book Oxygen in the Solar System' was dedicated to Clayton and Mayeda. | 1 | Geochemists |
Rowley was born in Mason Hall, Tobago, raised by his grandparents, who were prominent Tobago farmers. He was a pupil of Bishop's High School in Tobago, and graduated from the University of the West Indies (Mona) from where he graduated with a BSc. Geology (First Class Honors). He then went on to earn an MSc (1974) and a PhD (1978) from the University of the West Indies at St. Augustine in geology, specializing in geochemistry. At the university, as researcher, he held the positions of research fellow and later as head of the Seismic Research Unit. Rowley was general manager of state-owned National Quarries Company Limited as well. | 1 | Geochemists |
Paul Wennberg grew up in Waterbury Center, Vermont. He received a B.A. from Oberlin College in 1985, and a Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1994. At Harvard, he worked with James G. Anderson, professor of atmospheric chemistry. His doctoral thesis was In Situ Measurements of Stratospheric Hydroxyl and Hydroperoxyl Radicals. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Carl-Gustaf Rossby was born in Stockholm, Sweden. He was the first of five children born to Arvid and Alma Charlotta (Marelius) Rossby. He attended Stockholm University, where he developed his first interest in mathematical physics.
Rossby came into meteorology and oceanography while studying geophysics under Vilhelm Bjerknes at the Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen in Bergen, Norway, during 1919, where Bjerknes' group was developing the groundbreaking concepts that became known as the Bergen School of Meteorology, including theory of the polar front.
He also studied at the University of Leipzig and at the Lindenberg Observatory (Meteorologisches Observatorium Lindenberg) in Brandenburg where upper air measurements by kite and balloon were researched. In 1921 he returned to Stockholm to join the Meteorological and Hydrographic Office (which later became the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute) where he served as a meteorologist on a variety of oceanographic expeditions. While ashore between expeditions, he studied mathematical physics at the University of Stockholm (Filosofie Licentiat, 1925).
In 1925 Rossby was granted a fellowship from the Sweden-America Foundation "to study the application of the polar front theory to American weather". In the U.S. Weather Bureau in Washington, DC, he combined theoretical work on atmospheric turbulence with the establishment of the first weather service for civil aviation. In 1928 he became associate professor in the Aeronautics Department of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Shortly after this MIT launched the first department of meteorology in the US. In 1931 he also became a research associate at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. His interests during this time ranged over atmospheric thermodynamics, mixing and turbulence, and the interaction between oceans and the atmosphere.
On 9 January 1939 he became an American citizen and in that same year, assistant director of research at the U.S. Weather Bureau. His appointment as chair of the department of meteorology at the University of Chicago in 1940 began the period in which he turned his attention to large-scale atmospheric motions. He identified and characterized both the jet stream and Rossby waves in the atmosphere.
During World War II, Rossby organized the training of military meteorologists, recruiting many of them to his Chicago department in the post-war years where he began adapting his mathematical description of atmospheric dynamics to weather forecasting by electronic computer, having started this activity in Sweden using BESK. In 1947 he became founding director of the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI) in Stockholm, dividing his time between there, the University of Chicago and with the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. After the war he visited an old friend Professor Hans Ertel in Berlin. Their cooperation led to the mathematical formulation of Rossby waves.
Between 1954 and his death in Stockholm in 1957, he championed and developed the field of atmospheric chemistry. His contributions to meteorology were noted in the December 17, 1956, issue of Time magazine. His portrait appeared on the cover of that issue, the first meteorologist on the cover of a major magazine. During this period he considered the effect of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and its potential warming effect. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Born into a humble family, Arnal Yarza's father was Luis Arnal Foz, a laborer from Zaragoza who later repaired pianos. Her mother, Vicenta Yarza Marquina, of Brea (Zaragoza), was a housewife. After the death of her parents, she had the responsibility of taking care of her two younger siblings. Her sister Pilar was a pianist who studied in Paris and gave concerts in the Teatro Real de Madrid. Her brother Pablo died young, but had a short career as a professor of Physics and Chemistry at the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC).
Jenara's vocation lead her to her teacher training studies at the Escuela de Zaragoza and to a degree in Elementary Education (primary school teaching) on December 3, 1921. Her desire for learning impelled her to continue her studies at the School of Sciences at the University of Zaragoza in the realm of Chemical Sciences, first as a non-matriculated student in 1922–23. Later she continued her studies as a matriculated student, and received high grades and honors in all of her classes. She received her graduate degree from the University of Zaragoza on March 12, 1927.
She defended her doctoral thesis on October 6, 1929, and obtained her Ph.D. in chemistry from the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Zaragoza on December 13, 1929. Her doctoral thesis was titled Estudio potenciométrico del ácido hipocloroso y de sus sales ("Potentiometric study of hypochlorous acid and its salts ”). Thus, Arnal Yarza became the first woman to obtain a doctorate in Chemical Sciences in Spain, later followed by the researchers y . | 2 | Electrochemists |
Ashe's parents came to the United States from China to pursue PhDs; her father, C.C. Hsiao, taught aerospace engineering at the University of Minnesota, and her mother, Joyce, was a biochemist. She has three younger siblings.
Attending the St. Paul Academy and Summit School in the 1970s, Ashe's interest in the brain began in primary school, where she excelled in math, along with music. She obtained her undergraduate degree at Harvard University in 1975 in chemistry and physics, starting as a sophomore at the age of 17. She went on to earn her PhD in brain and cognitive sciences at MIT in 1981 and her MD from Harvard in 1982.
Ashe's husband, James is a neurologist; she has three children (two sons and a daughter). | 0 | Biochemists |
In 1933 Furman co-wrote Elementary Quantitative Analysis, one of the first textbooks in the field of analytical chemistry for undergraduates.
He co-wrote Analytical Chemistry of the Manhattan Project in 1950. | 2 | Electrochemists |
This rule pertains to phosphorescence and similar phenomena. Electrons vibrate and resonate around molecules in different modes (electronic state), usually depending on the energy of the system of electrons. This law states that constant-energy flipping between two electronic states happens more readily when the vibrations of the electrons are preserved during the flip: any change in the spin of an electron is compensated by a change in its orbital motion (spin-orbit coupling).
Intersystem crossing (ISC) is a photophysical process involving an isoenergetic radiationless transition between two electronic states having different multiplicities. It often results in a vibrationally excited molecular entity in the lower electronic state, which then usually decays to its lowest molecular vibrational level. ISC is forbidden by rules of conservation of angular momentum. As a consequence, ISC generally occurs on very long time scales. However, the El-Sayed rule states that the rate of intersystem crossing, e.g. from the lowest singlet state to the triplet manifold, is relatively large if the radiationless transition involves a change of molecular orbital type. For example, a (π,π*) singlet could transition to a (n,π*) triplet state, but not to a (π,π*) triplet state and vice versa. Formulated by El-Sayed in the 1960s, this rule found in most photochemistry textbooks as well as the IUPAC Gold Book. The rule is useful in understanding phosphorescence, vibrational relaxation, intersystem crossing, internal conversion and lifetimes of excited states in molecules. | 0 | Biochemists |
*Prix Louis Ancel de la Société Chimique de France (1966)
*Médaille d'argent du CNRS (1976)
*Faraday Medal of the Royal Society of Chemistry (1983)
*Medaglia Luigi Riccoboni (1983)
*Prix Emile Jungfleisch of the Académie des Sciences (1989)
*Charles N. Reilley Award (1990)
*Olin Palladium Award of the Electrochemical Society (1993)
*Medaglia Luigi Galvani della Società Chimica Italiana (1997)
*Manuel Baizer Award of the Electrochemical Society (2002)
*Bruno Breyer Medal of the Royal Australian Chemical Institute (2005)
*Distinguished Fairchild Scholar at the California Institute of Technology (1988)
*Oscar K. Rice Distinguished Lecturer at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (1995)
*Nelson Leonard Distinguished Lecturer at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (1999)
*Baker Lecturer at Cornell University (2002)
*Membre de l'Académie des Sciences (2000)
*Foreign Associate of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2001).
*Air Liquide Essential Molecules Challenge (2016) | 2 | Electrochemists |
Tami Bond received a Bachelor of Science degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Washington in 1993. She went on to graduate study at the University of California at Berkeley, where she was awarded a Masters of Science in engineering in 1995, focusing on combustion. In 2000, she completed study for an interdisciplinary Doctor of Philosophy degree in Atmospheric Sciences, Civil Engineering and Mechanical Engineering, again from the University of Washington. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Bobby Stanley Pons (born August 23, 1943) is an American electrochemist known for his work with Martin Fleischmann on cold fusion in the 1980s and 1990s. | 2 | Electrochemists |
Seiler studierte von 1961 bis 1969 Meteorologie an der Universität Mainz und schloss mit dem Diplom ab. 1970 promovierte er zum Dr. rer. nat. Zehn Jahre später habilitierte er sich an der ETH Zürich in Atmosphärenchemie. Von 1980 bis 1982 war er Dozent an der ETH Zürich. Von 1980 bis 1989 war er Gastprofessor am Georgia Institute of Technology (englisch), Atlanta, USA, und von 1989 bis 1990 Research Professor für Umweltwissenschaften an der Universität von Virginia, Charlottesville, USA. 1998 wurde er zum Honorarprofessor an der Universität Augsburg und ging 2007 in Ruhestand. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Stevens is the author or co-author of over 70 scientific publications and books. These include:
* Carly Stevens, The impact of atmospheric nitrogen deposition on grasslands: species composition and biogeochemistry, VDM Verlag, 2009. ISBN 978-3639144147
* Carly J Stevens, Nancy B Dise, J Owen Mountford, David J Gowing (2004) Impact of nitrogen deposition on the species richness of grasslands. Science 303 1876-1879 | 1 | Geochemists |
* 1991 – Henry G. Houghton Award for research in physical meteorology, awarded by the American Meteorological Society
* 1994 – Solomon Saddle (), a snow saddle at about elevation, named in her honor
* 1994 – Solomon Glacier (), an Antarctic glacier named in her honor
* 1999 – National Medal of Science, awarded by the President of the United States
* 2000 – Carl-Gustaf Rossby Research Medal, awarded by the American Meteorological Society
* 2004 – Blue Planet Prize, awarded by the Asahi Glass Foundation
* 2006 – V. M. Goldschmidt Award
* 2006 – Inducted into the Colorado Women's Hall of Fame
* 2007 – William Bowie Medal, awarded by the American Geophysical Union
* 2007 — Prix Georges Lemaître
* 2007 – As a member of IPCC, which received half of the Nobel Peace Prize in 2007, she shared a stage receiving the prize with Al Gore (who received the other half).
* 2008 – Grande Médaille (Great Medal) of the French Academy of Sciences
* 2008 – Foreign Member of the Royal Society
*2008 – Member of the American Philosophical Society
* 2009 – Volvo Environment Prize, awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
* 2009 – Inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame
* 2010 – Service to America Medal, awarded by the Partnership for Public Service
* 2012 – Vetlesen Prize, for work on the ozone hole, shared with Jean Jouzel. She was the first woman to receive this prize.
* 2013 – BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award in the Climate Change category
* 2015 – Honorary Doctorate (honoris causa) from Brown University.
* 2017 – Arthur L. Day Prize and Lectureship by the National Academy of Sciences for substantive work in atmospheric chemistry and climate change
* 2018 – Bakerian Lecture
* 2018 – Crafoord Prize in Geosciences
* 2019 – Made one of the members of the inaugural class of the Government Hall of Fame
*2021 – On 31 July she was [https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/bollettino/pubblico/2021/07/31/210731a.html appointed] as ordinary Member of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences
*2021 – 2021 Future of Life Award (Ozone Layer)
*2021 – NAS Award for Chemistry in Service to Society
*2023 – Honorary Doctorate from Duke University
*2023 – Female Innovator Prize from the VinFuture Foundation | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Morris joined the University of California, Davis, where he was awarded a President's Postdoctoral Fellowship. At UC Davis, Morris studied the dynamics of free radical systems. In 1996 Morris moved to Howard University, where he was appointed deputy director of the Center for the Study of Terrestrial and Extraterrestrial Atmospheres. His research looks to understand how atmospheric particulates influence the atmosphere and climate across multiple spatio-temporal scales. He served as Director of the Howard University component of the Goddard Space Flight Center Earth Science and Technology Center. In this capacity, Morris spent two years at Goddard, where he studied the movement of aerosols and dust from Asia across the Pacific Ocean.
At Howard University, Morris was the founding director of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Cooperative Science Center in Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology. His research considered trace gases and aerosols in the urban environment. To understand the impact of these at a global scale, Morris directed several observation missions on board the NOAA Ship Ronald H. Brown. Amongst these missions were the AERosols and Oceanographic Science Expeditions (AEROSE), which involved investigations into the air mass outflows of Africa. These outflows included particulates from the Sahara desert and aerosols from the burning of biomass due to slash-and-burn agriculture. Such aerosols can influence the transfer of microbes across hemispheres (microbiological transfer), which can impact cloud formation and precipitation. Through these investigations Morris was able to create the world's most comprehensive data set of atmospheric measurements and oceanographic information. These studies permit the characterisation of the environmental impacts of Saharan dust aerosols as they move across the Atlantic Ocean.
In July 2020 Morris joined the faculty at Arizona State University as the Director of the School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences at the New College of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Blanka Wladislaw (born Blanka Wertheim, 3 June 1917 – 26 January 2012) was a Brazilian chemist of Polish-Jewish descent. | 2 | Electrochemists |
* Class of 1997 Project Kaleidoscope Faculty for the 21st Century
* American Meteorological Society Charles E. Anderson award
* Elected a Fellow of the American Meteorological Society
* Fulbright Specialist Award
* National Organization for the Professional Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers Henry Cecil McBay Outstanding Teacher Award | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
After obtaining her Ph.D, Hornbrook accepted a position at NCAR where she currently serves as a Project Scientist II. Hornbrook has been a part of various groups and has received funding from both the National Science Foundation and NASA. Hornbrook has completed research in locations worldwide as well as the United States. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
*1989 – Fellow, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
*2009 – Honorary doctor, Monash University, Melbourne
*2012 – Knut Schmidt-Nielsen Prize Lecture, International Union of Physiological Sciences
*2013 – Honorary doctor, Royal Veterinary College, London
*2013 – European Lipid Research Award, EuroFedLipid
*2014 – Honorary doctor, Buckingham University, Buckingham, UK
*2014 – King's Medal (12th size), the Order of the Seraphims
*2016 – Prize for Scientific Reviews, Experimental Biology and American Physiological Society
*2016 – Recipient of the Order of the Rising Sun, Gold and Silver Star, Japan
*2017 – Fellow, Academia Europaea | 0 | Biochemists |
Robinson was awarded the 2010 Geological Society of London President's Award for her contributions to geosciences. In 2011 Robinson moved back to the United Kingdom, where she was appointed to the faculty of the University of Bristol. She was awarded a European Research Council Starting Grant studying changes in chemistry and circulation of the Atlantic Ocean. She makes use of an Agassiz Trawl to collect samples from the floor of the ocean, with a particular focus on deep-sea corals. Robinson was involved with a British Antarctic Survey mission to the South Orkney Islands. The mission took place on the RRS James Clark Ross and investigated the biodiversity in and outside of the South Orkney Islands. For this work she was awarded the Antarctic Service Medal.
In 2016 she delivered a Ted Talk on the secrets she discovers on the ocean floor. | 1 | Geochemists |
Sir Robert Tony Watson CMG FRS (born 21 March 1948) is a British chemist who has worked on atmospheric science issues including ozone depletion, global warming and paleoclimatology since the 1980s. Most recently, he is lead author of the February 2021 U.N. report Making Peace with Nature. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Ulrich Pöschl studied chemistry at the Graz University of Technology in Austria and obtained his PhD in 1995 with Karl Hassler at the Institute of Inorganic Chemistry with a thesis on "Synthesis, Spectroscopy and Structure of selectively functionalized cyclosilanes ". From 1996 to 1997 he worked as a postdoctoral fellow at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, in the group of Mario J. Molina in the field of atmospheric chemical kinetics and mass spectrometry of sulfuric acid. In 1997 Pöschl became a research assistant at the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry in the Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and a researcher in the group of Paul Crutzen on the photochemistry of ozone, organic trace gases and stratospheric clouds. From 1999 to 2005 he worked at the Institute for Hydrochemistry of the Munich Technical University, led an independent research group and became a chemistry professor with a thesis on "Carbonaceous Aerosol Composition, Reactivity and Water Interactions". In 2005 he returned to the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry in Mainz and headed a research group in the Department of Biogeochemistry until 2012. Since 2007 Pöschl has also been teaching in the Department of Chemistry, Pharmacy and Earth Sciences at Johannes Gutenberg University in Mainz and habilitated in 2007 in Geochemistry. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Born on September 16, 1944, in the village of Novachene, Sofia Province. In 1969 he graduated from Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski”, Faculty of Geology and Geography, specialty geology-geochemistry. From 1969 to 1975 he worked in the uranium mine "Eleshnitsa" as a deputy director. In 1975 he won a competition for a research associate and was employed at the Institute of Oceanology - BAS. In 1979 he defended his dissertation on "Genesis of marine sediments in the peripheral region of the western part of the Black Sea shelf in the Quaternary" under the guidance of Academician Yastrebov and Prof. Aksenov at the Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow.
* He introduced new scientific disciplines for the Bulgaria - "Marine Geology" and "Geoarchaeology".
* Scientific Secretary of IO-BAS, Varna, 1977 - 1984; Deputy Director of IO-BAS, Varna, 1984 - 1993; Head of the Department "Marine Geology and Archaeology" of IO-BAS, Varna, 1997 - 2009.
* There is original research related to the "Black Sea deluge hypothesis"
* Leader and participant in over 30 international scientific expeditions in the Black Sea (with Dr. Robert Ballard 2001, 2002; Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution 2006; Prof. William Ryan 2009, 2011 – project 02–337 "Ancient coastlines of the Black Sea and conditions for human presence", funded by the Bulgarian National Science Fund at the Ministry of Education and Science of Bulgaria ). His is the most sensational, but also the most controversial find in Bulgarian archeology, the so-called "Noahs Plate". It was discovered on July 15, 1985 at a depth of about 93 m and 65 km inland from Varna. There is still no one to acknowledge its authenticity.'
* He participated in international scientific expeditions to the Pacific Ocean (1982), the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea (1984).
* The first Bulgarian scientist studied Manganese nodule in Pacific Ocean.
* Membership in scientific organizations: Member of Union of Scientists - Varna, Bulgarian Geological Society, Bulgarian Geographical Society, Foreign member of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
* Honorary citizen of the city of Varna, 2013
* Research interests: Black Sea, Geology, Geochemistry, Marine geology, Black Sea deluge hypothesis, alternative sources and energy resources from the bottom of the Black Sea, Maritime history, archeology and geoarcheology, uranium minerals and uranium mining.
* Teaching activity: Lecturer in Marine Geology, Lithology and Geochemistry in Nikola Vaptsarov Naval Academy and Varna Free University. Lecturer at the University of Bologna and the University Consortium in Underwater Archeology - Sicily, Italy.
* Scientific publications: Author and co-author of over 150 scientific articles and books. Citations: over 1300.
* He is the creator of the idea for the application of sapropel sediments from the bottom of the Black Sea as a natural ecological fertilizer and biological products. Patent BG No. 63868, Register No. 104106.
* Scientific awards: Medal for scientific contributions "St. St. Cyril and Methodius”- II degree, for realization of the project "Correlation of Geological, Climatic and Historical Events in the Black Sea, Marmara Sea and Mediterranean Sea during the last 25000 years (Noahs Flood Project')".
* Participation in films about the Black Sea Flood (Black Sea deluge hypothesis) – „BBC–Horizon–1996 – Noah's Flood“, ZDF „Terra X 56 Die Sintflut“, UFOTV „Dark Secrets of Black Sea“, „Ancient X-Files: Season 2 Episode 8 - Great Flood and Scottish Stone Mystery - National Geographic“ etc.
* Collaborator of the Institute of Ancient Civilizations in Sofia.
* He was a member of the High Attestation Commission (Scientific Commission for Geological and Geographical Sciences) - 2 mandate.
* OUR MEMORY ON LIFE AND SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITY BY PROFESSOR DIMITROV PETKO STOYANOV. | 1 | Geochemists |
Rowland held academic posts at Princeton University (1952–56) and at the University of Kansas (1956–64) before becoming a professor of chemistry at the University of California, Irvine, in 1964. At Irvine in the early 1970s he began working with Mario J. Molina. Rowland was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1978 and served as a president of American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) in 1993. His best-known work was the discovery that chlorofluorocarbons contribute to ozone depletion. Rowland theorized that man made organic compound gases will decompose as a result of solar radiation in the stratosphere, releasing atoms of chlorine which react with oxygen (ozone) to form chlorine monoxide, and that they are individually able to destroy large numbers of ozone molecules. It was obvious that Rowland had a good idea of what was occurring at higher altitudes when he stated "...I knew that such a molecule could not remain inert in the atmosphere forever, if only because solar photochemistry at high altitudes would break it down". Rowlands research, first published in Nature' magazine in 1974, initiated a scientific investigation of the problem. In 1978, a first ban on CFC-based aerosols in spray cans was issued in the United States. The actual production did however not stop and was soon on the old levels. It took till the 1980s to allow for a global regulation policy.
Rowland performed many measurements of the atmosphere. One experiment included collecting air samples at various cities and locations around the globe to determine CClF North-South mixing. By measuring the concentrations at different latitudes, Rowland was able to see that CClF was mixing between hemispheres quite rapidly. The same measurement was repeated 8 years later, and the results showed a steady increase in CClF concentrations. Rowland's work also showed how the density of the ozone layer varied by season increasing in November and decreasing until April where it levels out for the summer only to increase in November. Data gained throughout successive years showed that although the pattern was consistent, the overall ozone levels were dropping. Rowland and his colleagues interacted both with the public and the political side and suggested various solutions, which allowed to step wise reduce the CFC impact. CFC emissions were regulated first within Canada, the United States, Sweden and Norway. In the 1980s, the Vienna Agreement and the Montreal Protocol allowed for global regulation. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Even in the late 1990s, Johnston said that he had lived most of his life with "a moving 10-year life expectancy" because of his early bout with rheumatic fever, but he remained in good health until he was more than 90 years old. He died in 2012; he was 92. Johnston was survived by his wife of 64 years, Mary Ella, and their four children, as well as several grandchildren and great-grandchildren. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Sandra Pizzarello was born in Venice, Italy in 1933. In 1955, she graduated summa cum laude from the University of Padua earning her Doctor of Biological Sciences degree under her adviser Professor Roncato. Pizzarello went on to work as a research associate developing tranquilizers for Farmitalia Research Laboratories in the Department of Neuropharmacology. Over the course of several years, Pizzarello transitioned from research to raising a family. Following a career opportunity for her husband, an aeronautical engineer and computer scientist, she moved her family to Phoenix, Arizona in 1970.
Once Pizzarello's youngest of four children finished primary school, her focus returned to her career after a decade away from scientific research. She audited a graduate biochemistry seminar course at ASU where she met Professor John Cronin, future co-discoverer of amino acid enantiomeric excess in meteorites. Due to her outstanding performance in the course, she was offered a job to work with Cronin at the university as a research professor in analyzing the recently recovered Murchison meteorite.
Sandra Pizzarello died on October 24, 2021. | 0 | Biochemists |
Mario José Molina Henríquez (19 March 19437 October 2020) was a Mexican physical chemist. He played a pivotal role in the discovery of the Antarctic ozone hole, and was a co-recipient of the 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his role in discovering the threat to the Earth's ozone layer from chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) gases. He was the first Mexican-born scientist to receive a Nobel Prize in Chemistry and the third Mexican-born person to receive a Nobel prize.
In his career, Molina held research and teaching positions at University of California, Irvine, California Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of California, San Diego, and the Center for Atmospheric Sciences at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Molina was also Director of the Mario Molina Center for Energy and Environment in Mexico City. Molina was a climate policy advisor to the President of Mexico, Enrique Peña Nieto. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Gražvydas Lukinavičius is a Lithuanian biochemist. His scientific interest and main area of research is focused on labeling of biomolecules and visualization using super-resolution microscopy. He is co-invertor of DNA labeling technology known as Methyltransferase-Directed Transfer of Activated Groups (mTAG) and biocompatible and cell permeable fluorophore – silicon-rhodamine (SiR). Both inventions were commercialized. He is studying labeling methods and apply them for chromatin dynamics visualization in living cells. | 0 | Biochemists |
Fischer was born in Rhode Island. She was drawn into atmospheric science when, at age eleven, Hurricane Bob hit her home state in August 1991; blown away by nature's phenomenon, she called her local meteorologist to ask "what made wind".
After a year at Colby College, she transferred to the University of British Columbia, where she graduated with a B.S. in Atmospheric Science in 2002. In 2004, she earned M.S. in Earth Sciences from the University of New Hampshire, Durham. Finally, after studying transpacific air pollution on Mount Bachelor, OR, she earned her PhD in Atmospheric Sciences from the University of Washington in 2010. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Cannon started her academic career in 1974 at Stockholm University, where she held various positions, including a research associate at the Wenner-Grenn Institute from 1974 to 1980. Subsequently, she served as an associate professor from 1980 to 1983 and then as a professor of physiology from 1983 to 2013. Since 2013, she has held the title of emeritus professor at Stockholm University.
Cannon's involvement with the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences included a tenure as vice president from 2003 to 2008 and subsequently as president from 2012 to 2015. Furthermore, she played an important role in the Nobel Foundation, serving as a member of the Trustees from 2006 to 2011 and taking on the role of chairman from 2008 to 2011. | 0 | Biochemists |
Hornbrooks work in the United States has focused on VOCs and air quality in specific regions. Most recently, Hornbrook was a part of the WE-CAN project which studied the effects of wildfires on air quality and the atmosphere. Wildfires have been a topic of interest to Hornbrook as one of her authored papers, Observations of nonmethane organic compounds during ARCTAS - Part 1: Biomass burning emissions and plume enhancements,' focuses on the effects of wildfires on air quality at distances further away from the fires.
Hornbrook has also contributed to increasing the understanding of anthropogenic emissions in the United States by focusing on VOCs and chemical changes of the atmosphere. In 2018, Hornbrook began to work as a part of the NASA ATom project which was part of the larger goal to prepare for the potential effects of global climate change. Her authored poster, as a result of the project, details the observations made of how the upper troposphere reacts with VOCs emitted by humans. WINTER was a 2015 project based out of northern Virginia that had an emphasis on looking at emissions in the northeastern United States and their effect on pollution over the region as well as the Atlantic Ocean. In 2013, Hornbrook contributed to the NOMADSS project which focused on looking at the effects of anthropogenic emissions in Chicago, Illinois and Gary, Indiana concluding that these emissions led to an increase of mercury in the area.
A significant amount of Hornbrooks research has taken place in the Colorado Front Range. The BEACHON-ROCS study took place at the Manitou Forest Observatory in August, 2010 in order to understand reactive organic gases which can help model the atmospheres oxidation capacity. The 2014 FRAPPE project was another Colorado based project that took a look at air quality in the Colorado Front Range and was partially funded by the state of Colorado. Hornbrook's research helped to understand how some weather patterns are more likely to retain aerosols than other weather patterns. Hornbrook gave a presentation at the Gordon Research Conference where she presented a poster about VOC observations during the FRAPPE project in the Colorado Front Range.
Prior to the FRAPPE project, Hornbrook worked on DC3 in Kansas, an airborne campaign which focused on how convective clouds interact with the upper troposphere at mid latitudes. Hornbrook's group observed that the storms observed possessed a logical relationship on a chemical level.
In 2009, Hornbrook conducted research in Barrow, Alaska as part of the OASIS-2009 campaign (Ocean-Atmosphere-Sea Ice-Snowpack). As part of a larger team, Hornbrook focused on studying VOCs as well as seasonal trends and oxidization events in the arctic. The research concluded that arctic seasonality does have an effect on the chemistry of the atmosphere. OASIS-2009 also provided a large set of data from the arctic that could be used for future analysis. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Minze Stuiver (25 October 1929 – 26 December 2020) was a Dutch geochemist who was at the forefront of geoscience research from the 1960s until his retirement in 1998. He helped transform radiocarbon dating from a simple tool for archaeology and geology to a precise technique with applications in solar physics, oceanography, geochemistry, and carbon dynamics. Minze Stuiver's research encompassed the use of radiocarbon (C) to understand solar cycles and radiocarbon production, ocean circulation, lake carbon dynamics and archaeology as well as the use of stable isotopes to document past climate changes. | 1 | Geochemists |
Molina married fellow chemist Luisa Y. Tan in July 1973. They had met each other when Molina was pursuing his PhD at the University of California, Berkeley. They moved to Irvine, California in the fall of that year. The couple divorced in 2005. Luisa Tan Molina is now the lead scientist of the Molina Center for Strategic Studies in Energy and the Environment in La Jolla, California. Their son, Felipe Jose Molina, was born in 1977. Molina married his second wife, Guadalupe Álvarez, in February 2006.
Molina died on 7 October 2020, aged 77, due to a heart attack. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Phillips conducted various studies on protein structures and their functional implications. He examined the structural features of type 6 streptococcal M proteins, highlighting their predominantly alpha-helical coiled-coil, which demonstrates a unique conformation in bacterial surface projections. His research on the crystal structure of tropomyosin filaments proposed a model in which tropomyosin exhibited distinct conformations related to muscle contraction, suggesting a statistical mechanism for regulating muscle function.
In one of his highly cited studies, Phillips, alongside Fan Yang and Larry G. Moss, described the crystal structure of recombinant wild-type green fluorescent protein, unveiling a unique structure referred to as the "ß-can." This study also delved into the protective environment for the fluorophores within the cylinder and its applications in elucidating the effects of GFP mutants.
Phillips has utilized X-ray crystallography and various advanced spectroscopy techniques to provide details about the dynamic structural changes in proteins. He used X-ray crystallography to determine the structure of unstable intermediate caused by photodissociation of CO from myoglobin and provided insights into the dynamics and structural alterations involved in this protein reaction. In addition, his study focused on capturing the structural evolution of the protein on a picosecond timescale used time-resolved X-ray diffraction and mid-infrared spectroscopy on a myoglobin (Mb) mutant (L29F mutant) revealing conformational changes within the protein. | 0 | Biochemists |
Otto Neubauer (8 April 1874 – 24 November 1957) was a Bohemia-born physician and biochemist who was responsible for several clinical diagnostic innovations including the Neubauer-Fischer test to evaluate kidney function and the Neubauer counting chamber. | 0 | Biochemists |
Jean-Michel Savéant (19 September 1933 – 16 August 2020) was a French chemist who specialized in electrochemistry. He was elected member of the French Academy of Sciences in 2000 and foreign associate of the National Academy of Sciences in 2001. He published in excess of 400 peer-reviewed articles in chemistry literature. | 2 | Electrochemists |
Laura Frances Robinson, born November 1976, is a British scientist who is Professor of Geochemistry at the University of Bristol. She makes use of geochemistry to study the processes that govern the climate. In particular, Robinson studies radioactive elements, as these can be analysed in geological materials. She was awarded the 2010 President's Award of the Geological Society of London. | 1 | Geochemists |
Rebecca Suzanne Hornbrook (born 1975) is an atmospheric chemist at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). She currently holds the position of Project Scientist II while also belonging to a variety of groups based out of NCAR, UCAR, and NASA. She is notable for her work as one of the leading experts in Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) while possessing an interest in air quality, biosphere-atmosphere interactions, chemical kinetics, and photochemistry. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
In 1924 Kobozev graduated from the Physics and Mathematics Department of Moscow State University (MSU). The same year he entered the post-graduate studies at the Scientific Research Institute of Chemistry under mentorship of professor Evgeny Shpitalsky. Since 1929 he was a lecturer at the Physical Chemistry Department of MSU. In 1935 he started to organize the laboratory of inorganic catalysis at Moscow State University. The same year he received the doctoral degree in chemical studies, the rank of professor and became an active member of MSUs Institute of Chemistry, without dissertation defense. Between 1925 and 1935 he promoted advanced scientific ideas at conferences, organized a special catalysis workshop at MSUs Physical Chemistry Department, and a catalysis sector at the State Institute of Nitrogen, attracting many students. | 2 | Electrochemists |
Hattori has made contributions to the field of earth sciences, utilizing trace element geochemistry and stable and radiogenic isotopes to understand the earth processes. During the early stages of her career, she focused on studying active volcanoes and associated hydrothermal activity. However, a tragic accident atop a Colombian volcano, resulting in the loss of several colleagues, prompted her to shift her research focus to ancient volcanic terranes in Canada. Over the past 14 years, she has conducted research in various regions of subduction zones worldwide, where oceanic crust subducts and forms arc volcanoes and mountain belts. Her investigations involve examining rocks and collecting samples to analyze the intricate processes of subduction and the subsequent return of materials to the surface through volcanoes. Her research areas have included the Himalayas (Northern Pakistan, Northern India), Italian and French Alps, Turkey, China, Japan, Philippines, Peru, and the Dominican Republic.
Hattoris contributions to the earth sciences primarily center on utilizing the abundance of redox-sensitive elements and their isotopic compositions to interpret processes from the surface to the mantle. Her discoveries include the timing of the abrupt rise in atmospheric oxygen content at around 2.2 billion years ago during Earths evolution, the definition of osmium isotope evolution in the mantle, the identification of serpentine as the reservoir of water and fluid-mobile elements in the mantle, and the provision of evidence that oxidized mafic magmas bring base metals and sulfur from the mantle to form giant copper deposits that supply many critical metals for society. In addition, her work has contributed to the discovery of such critical metal deposits through the mobility of metals in surface waters. | 1 | Geochemists |
*2020 : member de l'European Academy Of Sciences (Europe)
*2019: Member of Académie des Sciences
*2019: Honorary professorship in Beijing University of Chemical Technology
*2019: Highly Cited Researcher 2019
*2019: Member of Academia Europaea
*2019: [http://www.societechimiquedefrance.fr/Grands-Prix-et-Prix-binationaux-2019.html?lang=fr Grand Prix Pierre Süe]
*2018: Member of the French Academy of Technologies
*2018: Clarivate Citation Laureates
*2018: Highly Cited Researcher 2018
*2018: Brian Conway Award of the International Society of Electrochemistry
*2017: Senior Member of the Institut Universitaire de France
*2016: Fellow of the International Society of Electrochemistry
*2016: Highly Cited Researcher 2016
*2016: Lee Hsun Lecture Award on Materials Science, Chinese Academy of Science
*2016: Fellow of the International Society of Electrochemistry
*2015: Silver Medal of the CNRS
*2015: RUSNANOPRIZE Prize on Nanotechnologies
*2015: Charles Eichner Medal from French Materials and Metallurgy Society (SF2M)
*2012: European Research Council Advanced Grant
*2012: Excellence Chair of the Airbus group Fondation
*2009: Tajima Prize of the International Society of Electrochemistry
*2007: Junior Member of the Institut Universitaire de France | 2 | Electrochemists |
Nicolae Vasilescu Karpen (December 10 (O.S.)/December 22 (N.S.), 1870, Craiova – March 2, 1964, Bucharest) was a Romanian engineer and physicist, who worked in telegraphy and telephony and had achievements in mechanical engineering, elasticity, thermodynamics, long-distance telephony, electrochemistry, and civil engineering. | 2 | Electrochemists |
Toshiko K. Mayeda (née Kuki) (1923–13 February 2004) was a Japanese American chemist who worked at the Enrico Fermi Institute in the University of Chicago. She worked on climate science and meteorites from 1958 to 2004. | 1 | Geochemists |
Sandra Pizzarello's research over the last forty years involved the analysis of organic compounds in several carbonaceous chondrites, particularly molecular, chiral, and isotopic characterization of amino acids. Because the formation of these organic-rich meteorites pre-date the origin of life, they had been under investigation as potential sites of primal organic compounds which could shed light on abiogenesis, specifically the origin of biological homochirality. Such studies, however, had been inconclusive until 1997 when Cronin and Pizzarello detected 7-9% L-enantiomeric excesses of three abiological amino acids while analyzing the Murchison meteorite.
Given Earths history of meteoric impacts and the observation that meteors contain an excess of the biologically relevant L-stereoisomer of certain amino acids, Pizzarello studied the effect of meteoritic amino acids in enantiomeric excess on the formation of other biological molecules. In one study, Pizzarello found that nonracemic solutions of abiological isovaline and proteinogenic alanine can direct the condensation of glycolaldehyde to produce nonracemic solutions of threose and erythrose via an aldol reaction concluding that amino acids can act as asymmetric catalysts in carbohydrate synthesis. These findings support the origin of life hypothesis that homochirality originated prior to life and from extraterrestrial origins. However, Pizzarellos theoretical inquiries into cosmochemical evolution remain debated based on suspect analytical evidence of meteoritic enantiomeric excesses. | 0 | Biochemists |
Northup was an undergraduate student at West Virginia University, where she studied political science. She moved to the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign for graduate studies, where she earned a Masters of Library Science in 1972. Northup moved to the University of New Mexico, where she earned a Masters degree in biology in 1988. She remained at the University of New Mexico for her doctoral research, where she studied the geomicrobiology of caves. | 1 | Geochemists |
*O. Stern and M. Volmer Über die Abklingzeit der Fluoreszenz, Physik. Zeitschr. 20 183-188 (1919) as cited in Mehra and Rechenberg, Volume 1, Part 2, 2001, 849.
* T. Erdey-Grúz and M. Volmer Z. Phys. Chem. 150 (A) 203-213 (1930) | 2 | Electrochemists |
* [https://books.google.com.ua/books/about/Le_fer_de_Dieu.html?id=urRyoAEACAAJ&redir_esc=y Le fer de Dieu : histoire de la météorite de Chinguetti], with Théodore Monod, Actes Sud, 2008, 152 pages. ISBN 978-2742775521.
* [https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2011GL047173 Low temperature magnetic transition of chromite in ordinary chondrites], J. Gattacceca et al., 2011. | 1 | Geochemists |
*[http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt638nf52f F. Sherwood Rowland Papers.] Special Collections and Archives, The UC Irvine Libraries, Irvine, California.
*[http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/rowland-f-sherwood.pdf B. J. Finlayson-Pitts, D. R. Blake and A. R. "Ravi" Ravishankara, "F. Sherwood Rowland", Biographical Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences (2022)] | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Lassar Cohn, Lassar-Cohn or Ernst Lassar Cohn (6 September 1858 – 9 October 1922) was a Prussian chemist and professor at the University of Königsberg who wrote several influential textbooks on organic analysis including methods for the analysis of urine.
Cohn was born in the Jewish family of Jacob Marcus Cohen and Hanna Hewe in Hamburg. He studied at the Gymnasium in Königsberg before going the University of Heidelberg. He also studied at Bonn and Königsberg. After receiving a doctorate in 1880 and habilitation in 1888 he joined the University of Königsberg and became a professor in 1894. He worked for some time from 1897 at the Ludwig-Maximilians-University in Munich but returned to Königsberg in 1902. In 1907 he also began to work with the chemical industry. Cohn's major works included studies of organic compounds, tartaric acid and its esters, bile chemistry and the recycling of industrial wastes. He innovated methods for nitrogen measurement, saccharimetry, and urine analysis. | 0 | Biochemists |
Dessler worked in the energy group at The First Boston Corporation doing mergers and acquisitions analysis in the mid-1980s. He left his job as an investment banker on Wall Street in 1988 to go to graduate school in chemistry. After receiving his Ph.D. in 1994, Dessler did two years of Postdoctoral research at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center and then spent nine years on the research faculty of the University of Maryland from 1996 to 2005. Dessler went on to become an Associate Professor of Atmospheric Sciences at Texas A&M University from 2005 to 2007 and has been a tenured Professor of Atmospheric Sciences there since 2007.
He served as an editor for the American Geophysical Union Books Board from 1997 to 2002, and an associate editor for the Journal of Geophysical Research in 2002.
Dessler also served as a Senior Policy Analyst in the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy for the last year of the Clinton administration. That experience was the basis for the book he co-authored, The Science and Politics of Global Climate Change: A Guide to the Debate.
He also published a blog for Grist magazine from 2006 to 2009. He later stated, "At first, I was enamoured with blogging, until I realized how repetitive it was to keep answering the same questions. I decided I wanted a more high-impact way to spend my time." The New York Times said the results of his 2004 article in the Journal of Climate written with Ken Minschwaner placed them, "in the middle between the skeptics and those who argue that warming caused by burning of fossil fuels could be extremely severe." The authors wrote a joint letter to the editor in response objecting to the impression given by the article that their "research goes against the consensus scientific view that global warming is a serious concern." They went on to state their work did not argue against the seriousness of the problem and that the potential effects were so serious "that slight overestimates of this warming make little difference -- just as reducing the size of a firing squad from 10 shooters to nine makes little difference to the person being executed." A 2009 article in Science showed "warming from rising carbon dioxide should also lead to increased water vapor and additional warming, doubling the warming effect of the carbon dioxide." according to Kenneth Chang of The New York Times.
Currently, Dessler is an editor of the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society and president-elect of the Global Environmental Change section of the American Geophysical Union. He is also the Director of the Texas Center for Climate Studies and holder of the Rita A. Haynes Chair in Geosciences at Texas A&M University. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Hornbrook is very involved in helping women realize their potential in STEM and enter STEM fields. She has served as a mentor for the PROGRESS campaign (Promoting Geoscience Research Education and Success) which pairs women with an interest in geosciences with a mentor in a geoscience field. In 2016, Hornbrook also visited Mackintosh Academy in Boulder, Colorado to run a workshop for girls in science.
Hornbrook has also served as a mentor for the Significant Opportunities in Atmospheric Research and Science (SOARS) program. The program works to help students from underrepresented groups have an opportunity to conduct research related to atmospheric sciences. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Max Volmer (; 3 May 1885 – 3 June 1965) was a German physical chemist, who made important contributions in electrochemistry, in particular on electrode kinetics. He co-developed the Butler–Volmer equation. Volmer held the chair and directorship of the Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry Institute of the Technische Hochschule Berlin, in Berlin-Charlottenburg. After World War II, he went to the Soviet Union, where he headed a design bureau for the production of heavy water. Upon his return to East Germany ten years later, he became a professor at the Humboldt University of Berlin and was president of the East German Academy of Sciences. | 2 | Electrochemists |
Barbara Cannon is a British-Swedish biochemist, physiologist and an academic. She is an emeritus professor at Stockholm University as well as the chairman of the scientific advisory board at The Helmholtz Centre. She is also a consultant at Combigene.
Cannon is most known for her work on mammalian thermogenesis, primarily focusing on the function of brown adipose tissue. She is the recipient of the 2014 King's Medal from the Order of the Seraphims, Sweden.
Cannon is a Fellow of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. | 0 | Biochemists |
Hattori began her academic career as a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Alberta in Edmonton in 1977 and participated in the International Drilling project as a Canadian delegate to study volcanic rocks and thermal alteration in Iceland. In 1980, she moved to the University of Calgary as a Research Associate jointly affiliated with the Department of Physics and the Department of Geology and Geophysics. Three years later, she joined the University of Ottawa as an Assistant Professor and was promoted to Associate Professor in the Department of Geology in 1987.
She was the first female Professor in earth science departments within the national capital region as well as the first female Professor of mineral deposits in Canada. In 1994 she became Full Professor in the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences at the University of Ottawa. She was awarded the title of Distinguished University Professor in 2023 for her contributions to scientific research and education.
Hattori has held numerous administrative appointments throughout her career. From July 1991 to June 1994, she served as the Director of the Ottawa-Carleton Geoscience Centre. In 2004, she was appointed as the department chair for Earth Sciences at the University of Ottawa, a position she held for four years.
Apart from the administrative work related to universities, she has been engaged in the activities of several scientific organizations including Mineralogical Society of America, Society of Economic Geologists, and Royal Society of Canada. She is Director of Earth, Ocean and Atmosphere Science Division of Royal Society of Canada (2021-2024).
Hattori was an appraiser of graduate-research programs at various Ontario Universities (1999-2002) and geoscience program reviewers of American University of Beirut in Lebanon (2016-17), Western University (2012) and Hiroshima University (2009).
Hattori has been appointed as Visiting Professor at Université de Lyon (1999) and l’Universiteé Grenoble (2016), Visiting Scientist at Japan Marine Science and Technology (2003-2004), Visiting Professor at Nagoya Institute, Guest Research Scientists at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (1995-1996), Visiting Research Scientist at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1989-1990). | 1 | Geochemists |
Delphine Farmer is a Canadian chemist who is a professor at the Colorado State University. Her research considers the development of scientific instruments for atmospheric science. She was awarded the American Geophysical Union Atmospheric Sciences Ascent Award in 2022. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Marcel Pourbaix (16 September 1904 – 28 September 1998) was a Belgian chemist and pianist. He performed his most well known research at the University of Brussels, studying corrosion. His biggest achievement is the derivation of potential-pH, better known as “Pourbaix Diagrams”. Pourbaix Diagrams are thermodynamic charts constructed using the Nernst equation and visualize the relationship between possible phases of a system, bounded by lines representing the reactions that transport between them. They can be read much like a phase diagram.
In 1963, Pourbaix produced "Atlas of Electrochemical Equilibria", which contains potential-pH diagrams for all elements known at the time. Pourbaix and his collaborators began preparing the work in the early 1950s. | 2 | Electrochemists |
Current research interests in the Naim laboratory focus on the molecular mechanisms underlying protein trafficking, particularly polarized protein sorting in epithelial cells, in health and disease. | 0 | Biochemists |
Song Lin is a Chinese-American organic electrochemist who is an associate professor at Cornell University. His research involves the development of new synthetic organic methodologies that utilize electrochemistry to forge new chemical bonds. He is an Associate Editor of the journal Organic Letters, and serves on the Early Career Advisory Board of Chemistry - A European Journal. He was named by Chemical & Engineering News as one of their Trailblazers of 2022, a feature highlighting LGBTQ+ chemists in academia. | 2 | Electrochemists |
Donahue completed postdoctoral work at Harvard University and began teaching at Carnegie Mellon in 2000. In 2017, Donahue received the Gustavus John Esselen Award for Chemistry in the Public Interest from the Northeastern Section of the American Chemical Society.
In 2020, Donahue was announced as the first editor-in-chief of Environmental Science: Atmospheres. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Tafel suffered from insomnia and eventually had a complete nervous breakdown. He committed suicide in Munich in 1918. | 2 | Electrochemists |
* The asteroid discovered by S.J. Bus on March 2, 1981, initially called "1981 EO42", was named "(5047) Zanda" in her honor. | 1 | Geochemists |
After graduating from Taipei Municipal Jianguo High School, Hao studied chemistry at Fu Jen Catholic University (BS degree), obtained a Master's Degree from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and a PhD in Atmospheric Chemistry from Harvard University.
In 1991, he works in the US Department of Agriculture and Forest Services in the city of Missoula.
In 1994, he became an author of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). In the same year, the first Climate Change Report was published by the IPCC. He was responsible for Rocky Mountain Climate Monitoring.
Until 2014, he has been the author or co-author of more than 70 publications in specialized magazines. His publications are widely cited by major institutions and universities around the world. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Michael Charles Harold McKubre is an electrochemist involved with cold fusion energy research. McKubre was the director of the Energy Research Center at SRI International in 1998. He is a native of New Zealand. | 2 | Electrochemists |
Jorge Eduardo Allende Rivera, (born 11 November 1934) is a Chilean biochemist and biophysicist known for his contributions to the understanding of proteic biosynthesis and how transfer RNA is generated, and the regulation of maturation of amphibian eggs. He has been a foreign associate of the United States National Academy of Sciences since 2001, and was awarded the Chilean National Prize for Nature Sciences (Chile) in 1992. | 0 | Biochemists |
From 1905 to 1908, Volmer studied chemistry at the Philipps University of Marburg. After that, he went to the University of Leipzig, where he was awarded a doctorate in 1910, based on his work on photochemical reactions in high vacuums. He became an assistant lecturer at Leipzig in 1912, and after completion of his Habilitation there in 1913, he became a Privatdozent at the University. | 2 | Electrochemists |
Hart graduated from MIT with a bachelors degree in geology in 1956 and a masters degree in geochemistry in 1957 from Caltech. In 1960 he received his doctorate in geochemistry from MIT with thesis Mineral ages and metamorphism under the supervision of Patrick M. Hurley. After a year as a Carnegie Fellow, Hart was from 1961 to 1975 at the Carnegie Institution in Washington, D.C. in the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism. From 1975 to 1989 he was a professor of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences at MIT and from 1989 to 1992 a visiting professor there. From 1989 to 2007 he was a Senior Scientist in geology and geophysics at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. He retired from Woods Hole in 2007 as Scientist Emeritus.
Hart is a leading pioneer in the introduction of geochemistry into the Earth sciences. He developed comparative geochronology, which accounts for geological perturbations in various geochronometers. At the Carnegie Institution of Washington, he worked with George Wetherill, George Tilton, L. T. Aldrich, and G. L. Davis on mapping Precambrian rocks in the USA using comparative geochronology. There Hart became the leader of a group including Thomas Krogh, Albrecht Hofmann, Christopher Brooks, and others.
According to Claude Allègre:
Hart focused on the application of isotopic chemistry to age determination in geology, the geochemical evolution of mantle and oceanic lithosphere, and the geochemistry of strontium, neodymium, and lead isotopes in volcanic rocks. He also studied the long-term behavior of the chemical composition of the oceans due to their interaction with the oceanic crust and the experimental determination of fundamental geochemical properties such as mineral-melt partition coefficients in silicates and solid-state diffusion rates. In 1968, together with John S. Steinhart, he published the Steinhart-Hart equation, which provides a mathematical model of how the temperature and the electrical resistance of a thermistor vary, based upon 3 so-called Steinhart-Hart coefficients.
He was a co-editor from 1970 to 1972 of the Reviews of Geophysics, from 1970 to 1976 of the Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, and from 1975 to 1992 of Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors. In 1975/76 he chaired the US National Committee for Geochemistry. His doctoral students include Erik Hauri.
Hart has three children, one daughter from his first marriage, which ended in divorce in 1978, and a son and a daughter from his second marriage which began in 1980. | 1 | Geochemists |
Mian Chin () is a Chinese atmospheric chemist. She is a physical scientist in the atmospheric chemistry and dynamics laboratory in the earth science division at Goddard Space Flight Center. Her research includes aerosol-cloud-chemistry-climate interactions. She received the NASA Exceptional Achievement Medal in 2005. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Crutzen conducted research primarily in atmospheric chemistry. He is best known for his research on ozone depletion. In 1970 he pointed out that emissions of nitrous oxide (), a stable, long-lived gas produced by soil bacteria, from the Earth's surface could affect the amount of nitric oxide (NO) in the stratosphere. Crutzen showed that nitrous oxide lives long enough to reach the stratosphere, where it is converted into NO. Crutzen then noted that increasing use of fertilizers might have led to an increase in nitrous oxide emissions over the natural background, which would in turn result in an increase in the amount of NO in the stratosphere. Thus human activity could affect the stratospheric ozone layer. In the following year, Crutzen and (independently) Harold Johnston suggested that NO emissions from the fleet of, then proposed, supersonic transport (SST) airliners (a few hundred Boeing 2707s), which would fly in the lower stratosphere, could also deplete the ozone layer; however more recent analysis has disputed this as a large concern.
He listed his main research interests as "Stratospheric and tropospheric chemistry, and their role in the biogeochemical cycles and climate". From 1980, he worked at the Department of Atmospheric Chemistry at the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, in Mainz, Germany; the Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California, San Diego; and at Seoul National University, South Korea. He was also a long-time adjunct professor at Georgia Institute of Technology and research professor at the department of meteorology at Stockholm University, Sweden. From 1997 to 2002 he was professor of aeronomy at the Department of Physics and Astronomy at Utrecht University.
He co-signed a letter from over 70 Nobel laureate scientists to the Louisiana Legislature supporting the repeal of that U.S. state's creationism law, the Louisiana Science Education Act. In 2003 he was one of 22 Nobel laureates who signed the Humanist Manifesto.
, Crutzen had an h-index of 151 according to Google Scholar and of 110 according to Scopus. On his death, the president of the Max Planck Society, Martin Stratmann, said that Crutzen's work led to the ban on ozone-depleting chemicals, which was an unprecedented example of Nobel Prize basic research directly leading to a global political decision. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Minze Stuiver was born in Vlagtwedde, the Netherlands, on 25 October 1929. As a boy he narrowly missed being taken into German forced labor toward the end of the Second World War, but, because he was away delivering milk by bicycle, he escaped the round-up that took most of the young men and older boys from the village. His secondary school education was disrupted by the war when the school was occupied by German soldiers and air raids interrupted classes in makeshift rooms. After the war he went to the University of Groningen, where he studied physics, mathematics and astronomy, focusing on nuclear physics. After graduation he joined the biophysics group led by the pre-eminent researcher Hessel de Vries and received a Ph.D. in Biophysics in 1958 with a thesis on the Biophysics of the Sense of Smell. Shortly thereafter he began working in the rapidly developing field of radiocarbon dating with de Vries, who found variations in the concentration of radiocarbon in the atmosphere which challenged the assumptions of the radiocarbon dating method. In 1959, together with his wife, Anneke, Minze went to Yale University for a one-year fellowship position but was called back to Groningen to take over as director of the radiocarbon facility when De Vries died. However Minze chose to remain in the United States at the Geochrometric Laboratory at Yale University. There he developed high-precision methods in radiocarbon that enabled him, along with Hans Suess, to verify De Vries’ “wiggly” nature of the atmospheric concentration of radiocarbon in the past from tree-rings. Stuiver and Suess created one of the first curves for calibration of radiocarbon dates. In 1969 Minze moved to the newly founded Quaternary Research Center at the University of Washington (UW) in Seattle. There he built the Quaternary Isotope Lab with a lead-lined room 30 feet below ground to shield the hand-built gas counters from detecting spurious events due to cosmic rays.
In the 1970s Minze began measuring C in dissolved inorganic carbon in ocean water as part of The Geochemical Ocean Sections Study (GEOSECS) to study the distribution of carbon in the ocean. In addition he was involved in a number of studies on the glacial histories of Antarctica and North America. He was the senior editor of the journal Radiocarbon from 1977 to 1988 and broadened the scope of the publication to include articles about scientific knowledge derived from radiocarbon measurements. By then the terminology for various ways to calculate and present radiocarbon data was becoming rather confusing. Together with Henry Polach, he formulated the equations and conventions for reporting radiocarbon data that is still widely used.
His work investigating atmospheric C changes gave rise to a greater understanding of the changes in solar activity over time and potential links to climate change as well as the extent of fossil fuel input.
In the mid-1980s he led the development of the first high-precision radiocarbon calibration curve extending back nearly 10,000 years ago based on C measurements of tree-rings with known calendar ages from dendrochronology. This data still forms the backbone of the Holocene portion of the current international radiocarbon calibration curve which is used by archaeologists and geoscientists around the world. He also oversaw the development of the CALIB computer software to automate the calibration process.
In the 1990s, in addition to continued work on radiocarbon calibration and solar variability, he began work on oxygen isotopes from Greenland ice cores together with Pieter Grootes. Their sub-annual resolution stable isotopes measurements provided confirmation of the rapid nature of major climatic changes at the end of the last glaciation.
Stuiver died on 26 December 2020, at the age of 91. | 1 | Geochemists |
Schoell has made many contributions to geochemistry with emphasis on the applications of stable isotope analysis. The results of Schoells work have included identifying the pathways of formation that distinguish methane of biogenic origin from that of thermogenic origin using stable isotope analysis. In the paper, "Biogenic methane formation in marine and freshwater environments: CO reduction VS. acetate fermentation-Isotope evidence", Schoell et al. identify that the two primary methods for aquatic and marine methane production are carbon dioxide reduction and acetate fermentation, respectively. By recognizing the difference in δC and δD fractionation of the water environments and observing the differences in δC and δD fractionations of the methane product, Schoell et al. concluded that the dominant pathway of methane in marine environments is via acetate fermentation, while methane in freshwater environments arises from CO reduction. By analyzing the CH and HO fractionation, Schoell, et al.' offer a technique for identifying the original environment in which methane was produced.
Schoell continued his work with methane origin studies expanding his research to consider how stable isotopes can provide insight regarding the temperature of the environment for both thermogenic and biogenic methane production. Specifically, Schoell collaborated on the paper "Formation temperatures of thermogenic and biogenic methane" authored by D. Stolper, which used "clustered isotope" techniques to determine the temperature at which methane was produced. This approach has become useful for identifying the thermal conditions of methane formation for both the high temperatures of thermogenic methane production and the relatively lower temperatures of microbial methane production as well as characterizing the contribution of both producers to a mixed sample.
While the majority of Schoell's work has revolved around identifying the origins and pathways of methane production, he has also done work using stable isotope analysis to address how environmental factors affect preservable products of biological activity. Schoell addresses this topic in the paper, "Sensitivity of biomarker properties to depositional environment and/or source input in the Lower Toarcian of SW-Germany". In addition to this, his career has included the research of how stable isotope analysis can be used to identify the mixing and composition of natural gasses, as discussed in "Use of Gas Isotope Analyses for Reservoir Management". | 1 | Geochemists |
* 2000 David and Lucile Packard Foundation Fellowship
* 2005 Camille and Henry Dreyfus Foundation Scholar Award
* 2018 Elected into the National Academy of Sciences
* Fellow, American Geophysical Union (2021) | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Johnston was born in Woodstock, Georgia, to Florine and Smith Lemon Johnston. His family had been in the area since shortly after the Cherokee were forced out during the Trail of Tears. Johnstons paternal grandfather, who had the given name Doctor Medicine Johnston Jr, owned a general store but believed that education was a waste of time. Johnstons father wanted to become a minister, but he could only afford to attend college briefly before acceding to his family's demands to help them run the store.
Johnston, who was one of four sons, lived on a Georgia farm when he was young. In the early 1930s, Johnston contracted rheumatic fever and the illness affected his heart. A physician uncle told Johnston's father not to send Johnston to college because the young man would not survive long enough to get much use out of the education. Johnston said he later learned that the disease was associated with an average survival period of fifteen years at the time. Florine and Smith Johnston valued education for their children, however, and they sent all of their sons to college.
After going off to Emory University with aspirations of becoming a journalist, Johnston soon realized that the U.S. was headed toward World War II and that a science degree would serve him better. Johnston completed an undergraduate degree in chemistry and a minor in English literature. He received a Ph.D. in chemistry and physics from the California Institute of Technology. As a doctoral student, Johnston focused on the interaction of ozone and the pollutant nitrogen dioxide. While at Caltech, he joined in a secret defense project that involved protecting the country against the use of gas warfare. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Simon studied at École Nationale Supérieure des Ingénieurs en Arts Chimiques et Technologiques (ENSIACET) in Toulouse, graduating with M.S. in metallurgy (1992) and Ph.D. in Materials science (1996). Thereafter he worked as assistant professor of Electrochemistry at the Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers in Paris, and from 2001 at the CIRIMAT laboratory of materials science, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse. He received his D.Sc. from Université Paul Sabatier in 2002 and was appointed full Professor of Materials Sciences at CIRIMAT in 2007. He was promoted as Distinguished Professor in 2014. | 2 | Electrochemists |
Keutsch was born in Tübingen, Germany. He studied chemistry at the Technical University of Munich with a scholarship from the German National Academic Foundation, receiving a diploma with Vladimir E. Bondybey. After graduating in 1997, Keutsch moved to the University of California at Berkeley, where he received his Ph.D. in physical chemistry in 2001. His supervisor was Richard J. Saykally on high-resolution vibration-rotation-tunneling spectroscopy of water clusters. Keutsch then went to Harvard University as a postdoc, where he worked on stratospheric chemistry under the supervision of James G. Anderson. Keutsch began his independent academic career in 2005 as an assistant professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He is currently the Stonington Professor in Engineering and Atmospheric Science at Harvard University. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Leng has several roles, her most current is Chief Scientist for Environmental Change Adaptation and Resilience at the British Geological Survey. She is also Director of the Centre for Environmental Geochemistry, a collaboration between the British Geological Survey and the University of Nottingham, Leng leads research around environmental change, human impact, food security, and resource management. Leng has been involved in deep drilling as part of the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program, and worked in Lake Ohrid in Macedonia and Lake Chala in East Africa. She also heads the Stable Isotope Facility at the British Geological Survey, which is part of the National Environmental Isotope Facility. Stable isotopes can be used to better understand climate change and human-landscape interactions, with increasing importance on the Anthropocene and the modern calibration period; tracers of modern pollution; and understanding the hydrological cycle especially in areas suffering human impact. Leng takes part in expeditions, most recently the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) mission called Ocean Regulation of Climate by Heat and Carbon Sequestration and Transports (ORCHESTRA). She actively blogs about her research.
Leng serves on the editorial board of the journals Quaternary Research, Quaternary Science Reviews, Scientific Reports and the Journal of Paleolimnology.
She has written several articles about successfully undertaking a PhD. | 1 | Geochemists |
*2011 – Elected Fellow, Royal Society of Canada
*2012 – Elected Fellow, Mineralogical Society of America
*2013 – Island Arc Award, the Geological Society of Japan
*2022 – Takeo Kato Gold Medal, the Society of Resource Geology
*2022 – International Exchange Lecturer, Society of Economic Geologists
*2023 – Distinguished University Professor, University of Ottawa | 1 | Geochemists |
Lynch-Stieglitz's research links the ocean and climate over the past 100,000 years. She has used carbon isotopes in benthic foraminifera to reconstruct air-sea exchange in carbon isotopes, changes in the movement of deep water masses, and Antarctic Intermediate Water in the transitions between glacial and interglacial periods. In the Atlantic Ocean, she has examined movement of the Gulf Stream during the Last Glacial Maximum and linked changes in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and to rapid changes in climate. Her research also extends to regions where ice alters the exchange of carbon dioxide between atmosphere and ocean in glacial periods, and work in the Pacific Ocean where she has examined sea surface temperatures from the Last Glacial Maximum to the present. | 1 | Geochemists |
Pyle was educated at De La Salle College, Salford, gained his Bachelor of Science degree in Physics at Durham University and his DPhil from the University of Oxford in 1978. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Kobozev was born in a wealthy family of a Kharkov lawyer. His father, Ivan Josefovich Kobozev (1874, Kharkov – 1943, Moscow) graduated from Kharkov Imperial University. His mother, Sophia Adolfovna Feist (d. 1952) was a granddaughter of the German-born Taganrog watchmaker Franz Feist (1805–1888). Her family was Lutheran. Her father, Adolf Feist, was first a teacher of German; in 1891 he became a member of the board of Kharkov Land Bank. His mother's aunt, Maria Feist, was a sweetheart of Alexander Chekhov.
Nikolay's grandfather, Josef Alekseevich Kobozev (1846, Belgorod – July 18, 1901, Kharkov) moved to Kharkov in the 1860s where he got engaged in textile and flour trade. In 1889 he became a board member of the Second Kharkov Society of Mutual Credit. In 1892 he was elected to the Kharkov city duma.
According to independent researcher Igor Maslenkov, Kobozevs earliest ancestor was a serf peasant of a Belgorod boyar scion Artyom Pischyulin, settled at the village of Melehovo. His grandson, Dmitry Kosmin syn Kobyzev (1697–1752) became a merchant in Belgorod. His wife, Agrafena Fedotovna Maslova (1689–1770) was the daughter of a local poor nobleman. Their son, Stepan, was a merchant too; he was married to the daughter of another Belgorod merchant, Stephanida Rodionovna Dubinina. Stepans brother, Ivan Dmitrievich Kobozev, was the salt head in Belgorod since 1778. Yakov Stepanovich Kobozev was a Belgorod merchant and ratman. The latter's son, Nikolay Yakovlevich (1781–1834), was a merchant too, but his son, Aleksey Nikolayevich (1804–?) left the merchant guild for the status of an ordinary burger in 1858.
In 1903 his father moved to Moscow, where he worked as a lawyer () at the Administration of Moscow Vindavo-Rybinsk Railroad. After the October Revolution of 1917, he served as a lawyer at the Ministry of Transport.
Nikolays brother, Vsevolod (1905–1939), was an engineer at the Soviet Ministry of Transport, the head of the electrification department. He was married to the daughter of Vissarion Karandeev, the professor of Moscow higher womens courses. For successful electrification of the Yaroslavl railways Stalin granted him with a golden watch. But in 1937 he was arrested and, in 1939, executed by shooting.
His other brother, Boris was a musician; he died in 1918 from Spanish flu. He also had a sister named Inna, who was seriously ill for most of her life.
Kobozev was married to Esther (Ekaterina in Russian Orthodoxy) Efimovna Halbreich of Jewish background. In 1946 they had a son named Aleksey (1946–2015), who had a daughter. His brother's lineage is continued in the male line.
Since early childhood, Kobozev was ill with poliomielitis. Since the 1920s, he had had a number of serious diseases, including complications of the polio. At some point in his life, he was wheelchaired and had to meet with his students at home. He had long periods of staying at hospitals or was down in bed recovering. In 1973 he was completely bed-bound. His wife had stayed loyal and supportive throughout his life. | 2 | Electrochemists |
Wennberg joined Caltech in 1998. He was an associate professor of atmospheric chemistry and environmental engineering science from 1998 to 2001, becoming a full professor in 2001. In 2004, he was appointed as the R. Stanton Avery Professor of Atmospheric Chemistry and Environmental Science and Engineering. Wennberg has been associated with the Ronald and Maxine Linde Center for Global Environmental Science at Caltech since it was established in 2008. He served as the director from 2008 to 2011, acting director from 2012 to 2014 and director from 2014 onwards. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
*2023 Charles N. Reilley Award, Society for Electroanalytical Chemistry
*2022 Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science
*2021 Analytical Scientist Power List
*2021 Fellow, American Chemical Society
*2021 Award in Electrochemistry, Division of Analytical Chemistry, American Chemical Society | 2 | Electrochemists |
Serguei N. Lvov is Professor of Energy and Mineral Engineering & Materials Science and Engineering and Director of Electrochemical Technologies Program at the EMS Energy Institute of the Pennsylvania State University. He received a D.Sc. degree in Physical Chemistry at St. Petersburg State University of Russia in 1992. Prior to his tenure at Penn State he worked at St. Petersburg School of Mines and the Russian Academy of Science. He was visiting scholar at the University of Venice (Italy), the University of Delaware (USA) and the National Centre for Scientific Research at Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy (France). His main area of research is electrochemistry and thermodynamics of aqueous systems under extreme environments such as elevated temperatures and pressures or high concentrated solutions. He has carried out an innovative work to develop high temperature/high pressure flow-through electrochemical techniques including potentiometric, electrochemical kinetics, corrosion and electrophoresis studies. He has developed an internationally accepted formulation for the self-ionization of water covering a wide range temperatures and densities. He is author of more than 180 papers, 6 book chapters, and 3 books. His recent book Introduction to Electrochemical Science and Engineering was published by CRC Press in 2015. | 2 | Electrochemists |
From 1947 to 1956, Johnston taught at Stanford University. While there, he was named to the editorial board of the Journal of the American Chemical Society. In the early 1950s, Johnston furthered the air pollution work of Arie Jan Haagen-Smit by showing that free-radical reactions underlay the photochemical process leading to smog. Throughout his career, much of Johnston's work involved understanding the kinetics of nitrogen oxides. He returned to Caltech as a faculty member for a year in 1956.
From 1957 until his retirement in 1991, Johnston was a professor at the University of California, Berkeley. From 1966 to 1970, Johnston was the dean of Berkeley's college of chemistry. Johnston mentored undergraduate and graduate students, including future Nobel Prize winner Dudley R. Herschbach and future National Medal of Science winner Susan Solomon. He also made large contributions to the theory of elementary chemical reactions. He wrote a popular textbook on reaction rate theory.
Johnston became best known for his work related to ozone. In a 1971 paper, he posited that pollution from supersonic aircraft in the stratosphere could deplete the ozone layer. Because it suggested for the first time that human activity could impact the integrity of the environment, Johnston's ozone research received some criticism and resistance. However, two environmental regulatory programs were formed as a result of his findings – the Climatic Impact Assessment Program (CIAP) and the Stratosphere Protection Program. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
In 2010, Selin was appointed as an assistant professor at MIT in the Engineering Systems Division and Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, and was promoted to associate professor in 2015. She is also affiliated with the MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change and the MIT Center for Environmental Sciences. Her research centers on using atmospheric chemistry modeling to understand how atmospheric pollutants circulate and interact with the global environment. Her group has studied the financial and health benefits of reducing carbon emissions, finding that improving air quality led to reduced risk of health problems. The financial savings from avoiding health problems — and in turn avoiding the cost of medical care and reducing sick days — could recoup up to 10.5 times the cost of implementing a cap-and-trade program. The study, published in 2014, was the most detailed assessment of the effects of climate policy on the economy, air pollution, and human health. Her group has also found that global regulations on mercury pollution have a major economic benefit to the United States. Mercury is a major contaminant in the seafood market, and consumption leads to increased risk of cardiovascular disease and cognitive impairments. Decreasing the risk of mercury consumption through global policies to regulate mercury pollution can therefore have a large economic benefit by, for instance, saving individuals the cost of medical care over the course of their lifetime. Another study, also published in 2016, calculated the costs of IQ loss from lead emissions from aviation and won the award for Best Environmental Policy Paper from the journal Environmental Science & Technology.
Selin has also worked to ensure that her research findings — and those of the greater scientific community — are employed to better inform policy around air pollution, climate change, and hazardous substances like mercury. In 2016, she became a Leshner Leadership Institute Public Engagement Fellow through the AAAS and began working with the newly formed MIT International Policy Lab, which works to connect scientists with the societal impacts of their work. She has published on the need to build policy literacy for climate scientists to close the gap between science and society and implement policies that mitigate the effects of climate change. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Beridze was awarded the Order of Honour of Georgia in 1999. He was awarded the Serge Durmishidze prize in Biochemistry in 2009. | 0 | Biochemists |
Evelyn B. Man was born in Lawrence, New York, but she grew up in North Stonington, Connecticut. Man's father, Edward Man, was an attorney from New York City and her mother was Mary Hewitt Man.
Man graduated from Wheeler High School, and then, in 1925, she graduated from Wellesley College with a degree in chemistry. Man graduated from Yale with a doctorate degree in physiological chemistry in 1932. | 0 | Biochemists |
Ratsimamanga started working at the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) in 1945 after he was approached by Frédéric Joliot-Curie, CNRS's research director and Nobel prize laureate in Chemistry (1935). At CNRS, he pioneered the study of Human blood group systems, and treatments for leprosy and tuberculosis. Ratsimamanga work showed the presence of hormones in the diet and their role in the development of the body, while eliminating the factors of cellular detoxification, especially in the liver.
Ratsimamanga was the founding director of the (IMRA) in 1957. IMRA was focused on Phytotherapy to use local plants and traditional practices to cure diseases, i.e., traditional pharmacopoeia. IMRA succeeded in using the Syzygium cumini tree as an anti-diabetic agent, and creating alternative medicines against malaria, leprosy, asthma, lithiasis, blood pressure, hepatitis and other common conditions.
Ratsimamanga was the head of Malagasy National Academy, and a Professor Emeritus of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Antananarivo. He was one of the founders of the World Academy of Sciences in 1983, and the African Academy of Sciences in 1985. He was a member of the Royal Academy for Overseas Sciences, Institut de France (1966), and the Académie Nationale de Médecine (1967). | 0 | Biochemists |
In 2007 the New Zealand Society of Plant Biologists renamed their annual award after Slack. The award is made to society members to recognise an outstanding contribution to the study of plant biology. It was renamed in recognition of his outstanding contribution as a plant biologist and biochemist in New Zealand, his role in the discovery of C4 photosynthesis (also known as the Hatch Slack Pathway), and his contribution as an early member of the New Zealand Society of Plant Biologists. | 0 | Biochemists |
* 1991–1994: Student and research scholarships of the Technical University of Graz, the Pro Scientia Foundation, and the Austrian Science Foundation
* 1996: Graduation “Sub Auspiciis Praesidentis” by the Austrian Federal President (highest award in the Austrian educational system)
* 1996: Research Awards of the Austrian Federal Minister of Arts and Science, the Industrial Union of Carinthia and the Josef Krainer Foundation
* 1996: Schrödinger Scholarship of the Austrian Science Foundation
* 2000: Young Scientist Award of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research
* 2005: EGU Union Service Award
* 2012: Pius XI Gold Medal of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences for his research on the role of chemistry in the atmosphere, climate and health.
* 2015: Copernicus-Medal of the Copernicus-Gesellschaft | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Asemota has a long history of international consultancy in matters of food security and biotechnology. She was an international technical expert for the European Union (1994-1995), and served the United Nations Technical Cooperation among Developing Countries (TCDC) Programmes as International Technical Cooperation Programmes (TCP). She served as an International Biotechnology consultant to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation from 2001. This included consulting for the International Technical Cooperation for Syria with the Developing Countries Programmes in 2001 and as technical lead on food sufficiency for the National Seed Potato Production Programme in the Republic of Tajikistan between 2003 and 2007. She periodically serves the UN-FAO Seed Production Programmes as an International Consultant. | 0 | Biochemists |
In 1929 Butler married Margaret Lois Hope, a botanist and Cambridge graduate, at Haddington, East Lothian. They had three children, all successful in their respective fields of biological
and medical sciences. From 1949 to 1977 the Butler’s lived in Rickmansworth in a house then known as Nightingale Corner, which had previously belonged to Hubert J. Foss, first Musical Editor (1923–1941) for Oxford University Press. Like the Fosses, the Butlers often entertained guests there.
J. A. V. died on 16 July 1977 | 2 | Electrochemists |
Ratsimamanga was a pacifist and politically active, and during his years of study, he forged close relationships with French intellectual and political circles. While in France, he co-founded the association of Malagasy Students in France and the Democratic Movement for Malagasy Renovation (MDRM) in 1946 with Jacques Rabemananjara, Joseph Raseta and Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona. MDRM led the protests against the bloody repression of the Malagasy Uprising of 1947. However, MDRM was known to be dominated by Hova elites, who had been politically prominent in the former Merina royal court and wanted to regain the political dominance of the Merina upon independence. Jacques Rabemananjara, Joseph Raseta and Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona were later sentenced to life in prison but were granted amnesty in 1958. Ratsimamanga claimed that he was unaware of the uprising and, thus, was not involved. Later in 1949, Ratsimamanga created the Malagasy National Council, a Government in exile. It was a failure.
On 26 August 1948, Ratsimamanga represented Madagascar at the World Congress of Intellectuals in Defence of Peace, which took place between the 25 to 28 August 1948 of August at Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Poland, and played a role in the framing of the communist powers as supporters of peace, and on the opposite side, portraying the West as a threat to peace.
Ratsimamanga was a member of the delegation that negotiated Madagascars independence from France. 77% of Malagasy voted for independence in the 1958 referendum, and after the independence, Ratsimamanga was appointed the Malagasy Republic ambassador to France from 1960 to 1972. After the 1972 Coup détat, on 14 December 1972, he was appointed the first Ambassador of the Malagasy Republic to China and the Soviet Union. He later established embassies in West Germany, North Korea, and Sierra Leone.
Furthermore, Ratsimamanga represents the Malagasy Republic at the European Economic Community, UNESCO, and Food and Agriculture Organization. He also became UNESCO Vice-chairman of the Executive Council. | 0 | Biochemists |
*Elected member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1934)
*Elected member of the United States National Academy of Sciences (1943)
*Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences (jointly with H. C. Willett) – Sylvanus Albert Reed Award (1934)
*Elected president of the American Meteorological Society (1944–45)
*Elected member of the American Philosophical Society (1946)
*Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences – Robert M. Losey Award (1946)
*Royal Meteorological Society – Symons Gold Medal (1953)
*World Meteorological Organization – International Meteorological Organization Prize (1957)
*American Meteorological Society – Applied Meteorology Award (1959) | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Furman was born in the Lawrenceville section of Lawrence Township, Mercer County, New Jersey in 1892. He attended Lawrenceville School, where he was a model student, graduating with a Master's Prize from his high school in 1909. He enrolled in Princeton University, where he received Phi Beta Kappa honors and graduated in 1913. He received an M.S. in 1915 and a Ph.D. from Princeton in 1917. Furman served in World War I in the Army Chemical Warfare Service. He returned to Princeton in 1919 to become an assistant professor, gaining promotion and tenure in 1937, and finished his career in 1960 as the Russell Wellman Moore professor of chemistry. | 2 | Electrochemists |
Volmer married the physical chemist Lotte Pusch. Max and Lotte knew and socialized with the physicist Lise Meitner and the chemist Otto Hahn since the 1920s. | 2 | Electrochemists |
Hornbrook has been a part of many research publications. Below are a list of some of the significant publications from throughout her career.
* Global seasonal distributions of HCN and acetonitrile. 2019. 99th AMS Annual Meeting, American Meteorological Society (AMS).
* The Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry (DC3) Field Campaign. 2015. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society.
* High levels of molecular chlorine in the Arctic atmosphere. 2014. Nature Geoscience.
* Observations of nonmethane organic compounds during ARCTAS - Part 1: Biomass burning emissions and plume enhancements. 2011. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics.
* Measurements of tropospheric HO₂ and RO₂ by oxygen dilution modulation and chemical ionization mass spectrometry. 2011. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
In December 2005, Fiore won the American Geophysical Union James R. Holton Junior Scientist Award for the research she conducted in the two years after earning her Ph.D. In July 2006, she earned the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE). In December 2011, the American Geophysical Union awarded Fiore with the James B. Macelwane Medal, for her work in the geophysical sciences as an early career scientist. As specified by the Geophysical Union website, she met the criteria for the award with her high number of publications on atmospheric chemistry which aided to the scientific community's understanding of ozone pollution impacts. Since 2012, Fiore has received two grants from the United States Environmental Protection Agency to study U.S. air pollution and climate warming. | 3 | Atmospheric Chemists |
Jay Quade was born and grew up in Nevada. As a teenager, he set two all-time Nevada State high school track and field records. At the University of New Mexico, he had a track scholarship, for four years. He was twice an NCAA All-American in track and once an NCAA champion in track (relay race). In 1977 he became a geologist employed by
the Mineral Exploration Division of Utah International, Inc. In 1978 he graduated with B.S. in geology from the University of New Mexico. In 1982 he graduated with an M.S. in geology from the University of Arizona. From 1982 to 1989 he worked as a geologist in Nevada — from 1982 to 1984 for Noranda Exploration, Inc., from 1984 to 1986 for the Desert Research Institute, and from 1986 to 1989 for Mifflin & Associates (a mining consulting firm founded in 1986 by the geologist Martin David Mifflin). From 1989 to 1990 Quade was a graduate student at the University of Utah, where he received his Ph.D. in 1990. In 1991 he was a postdoc at the Australian National University. At the University of Arizona, he was appointed to an assistant professorship in 1992, an associate professorship in 1998, and a full professorship in 2003.
Quade's research is remarkably varied, including low-temperature geochemistry, radiometric dating using a variety of isotopes, and theoretical reconstructions of paleoenvironments, mostly from the Cenozoic. Some of his projects have involved archaeologists and anthropologists. Quade with Thure E. Cerling and other colleagues did important research on stable isotope composition of soil carbonate in the Great Basin. In 2001, Quade with Nathan B. English, Julio L. Betancourt, and Jeffrey S. Dean published an important paper on the deforestation of Chaco Canyon. As a geological team member, Quade has done fieldwork on stratigraphy and paleohydrologic reconstruction in the western USA, gold deposits in Oregon, Alaska, and Nevada, and paleo-lake hydrology in Mongolia, Tibet, Chile, Argentina, and the western USA. From 1985 to 2015 his fieldwork on low temperature geochemistry has been done all over the world: parts of the US, Asia, Australia, and South America, as well as Greece and Ethiopia.
In 2001 Quade won the Farouk El-Baz Award of the Geological Society of America (GSA). In 2015 he was elected a Fellow of the Geological Society of American and also a Fellow of the American Geophysical Union (AGU). In 2017 he was elected a Fellow of the Geochemical Society. He received in 2016 a Lady Davis Fellowship from the Hebrew University and in 2017 a Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Fellowship from the University of Tokyo. In 2018 he was awarded the Arthur L. Day Medal.
In Nevada on December 21, 1984, Jay Quade married Barbra A. Valdez. They have three children. | 1 | Geochemists |