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[ "WikiWeb_Ligustrum lucidum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]
[ "Ligustrum lucidum is an evergreen tree growing to 10 m (33 ft) tall and broad. The leaves are opposite, glossy dark green, 6–17 centimetres (2.4–6.7 in) long and 3–8 centimetres (1.2–3.1 in) broad. The flowers are similar to other privets, white or near white, borne in panicles, and have a strong fragrance, which some people find unpleasant.\nLigustrum lucidum and the variegated cultivar 'Excelsum Superbum' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]
inaturalist_1881287
inat/train/08552_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Lamiales_Oleaceae_Ligustrum_lucidum/f3617b0b-103d-4a71-8f00-7bfce14fc861.jpg
inaturalist_1881287
EVQA_916385
What kind of efforts are being made to protect this plant from the fungus rhizosphere kalkhoffii?
[ "preventative" ]
preventative
2_hop
Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:
[ "WikiWeb_Ligustrum lucidum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]
[ "Ligustrum lucidum is an evergreen tree growing to 10 m (33 ft) tall and broad. The leaves are opposite, glossy dark green, 6–17 centimetres (2.4–6.7 in) long and 3–8 centimetres (1.2–3.1 in) broad. The flowers are similar to other privets, white or near white, borne in panicles, and have a strong fragrance, which some people find unpleasant.\nLigustrum lucidum and the variegated cultivar 'Excelsum Superbum' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]
inaturalist_1342727
inat/train/08552_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Lamiales_Oleaceae_Ligustrum_lucidum/1f59b8de-4a1d-4e84-a153-5fc712fbd764.jpg
inaturalist_1342727
EVQA_916386
What kind of efforts are being made to protect this plant from the fungus rhizosphere kalkhoffii?
[ "preventative" ]
preventative
2_hop
Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:
[ "WikiWeb_Ligustrum lucidum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]
[ "Ligustrum lucidum is an evergreen tree growing to 10 m (33 ft) tall and broad. The leaves are opposite, glossy dark green, 6–17 centimetres (2.4–6.7 in) long and 3–8 centimetres (1.2–3.1 in) broad. The flowers are similar to other privets, white or near white, borne in panicles, and have a strong fragrance, which some people find unpleasant.\nLigustrum lucidum and the variegated cultivar 'Excelsum Superbum' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]
inaturalist_552593
inat/train/08552_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Lamiales_Oleaceae_Ligustrum_lucidum/5a681e0f-b7c7-488b-b4a8-401784c75ef5.jpg
inaturalist_552593
EVQA_916387
What kind of efforts are being made to protect this plant from the fungus rhizosphere kalkhoffii?
[ "preventative" ]
preventative
2_hop
Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:
[ "WikiWeb_Ligustrum lucidum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]
[ "Ligustrum lucidum is an evergreen tree growing to 10 m (33 ft) tall and broad. The leaves are opposite, glossy dark green, 6–17 centimetres (2.4–6.7 in) long and 3–8 centimetres (1.2–3.1 in) broad. The flowers are similar to other privets, white or near white, borne in panicles, and have a strong fragrance, which some people find unpleasant.\nLigustrum lucidum and the variegated cultivar 'Excelsum Superbum' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]
inaturalist_843712
inat/train/08552_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Lamiales_Oleaceae_Ligustrum_lucidum/0db8ed92-22d3-4340-9846-fa4b29753a2a.jpg
inaturalist_843712
EVQA_916388
What kind of efforts are being made to protect this plant from the fungus rhizosphere kalkhoffii?
[ "preventative" ]
preventative
2_hop
With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:
[ "WikiWeb_Ligustrum lucidum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]
[ "Ligustrum lucidum is an evergreen tree growing to 10 m (33 ft) tall and broad. The leaves are opposite, glossy dark green, 6–17 centimetres (2.4–6.7 in) long and 3–8 centimetres (1.2–3.1 in) broad. The flowers are similar to other privets, white or near white, borne in panicles, and have a strong fragrance, which some people find unpleasant.\nLigustrum lucidum and the variegated cultivar 'Excelsum Superbum' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]
inaturalist_1687341
inat/train/08552_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Lamiales_Oleaceae_Ligustrum_lucidum/a44cec43-7e00-494f-a2b0-352d6b14e162.jpg
inaturalist_1687341
EVQA_916389
What kind of efforts are being made to protect this plant from the fungus rhizosphere kalkhoffii?
[ "preventative" ]
preventative
2_hop
Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:
[ "WikiWeb_Ligustrum lucidum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]
[ "Ligustrum lucidum is an evergreen tree growing to 10 m (33 ft) tall and broad. The leaves are opposite, glossy dark green, 6–17 centimetres (2.4–6.7 in) long and 3–8 centimetres (1.2–3.1 in) broad. The flowers are similar to other privets, white or near white, borne in panicles, and have a strong fragrance, which some people find unpleasant.\nLigustrum lucidum and the variegated cultivar 'Excelsum Superbum' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]
inaturalist_336300
inat/train/08552_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Lamiales_Oleaceae_Ligustrum_lucidum/ff71912a-98d0-4798-81d8-c69e9920f3f9.jpg
inaturalist_336300
EVQA_916390
What type of leaf litter has a lower carbon-nitrogen ratio than the type of tree this plant is?
[ "deciduous leaf litter" ]
deciduous leaf litter
2_hop
Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:
[ "WikiWeb_Ligustrum lucidum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]
[ "Ligustrum lucidum is an evergreen tree growing to 10 m (33 ft) tall and broad. The leaves are opposite, glossy dark green, 6–17 centimetres (2.4–6.7 in) long and 3–8 centimetres (1.2–3.1 in) broad. The flowers are similar to other privets, white or near white, borne in panicles, and have a strong fragrance, which some people find unpleasant.\nLigustrum lucidum and the variegated cultivar 'Excelsum Superbum' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]
inaturalist_1493034
inat/train/08552_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Lamiales_Oleaceae_Ligustrum_lucidum/668c4e0c-93af-41e6-9c87-8f0b21e2d867.jpg
inaturalist_1493034
EVQA_916391
What type of leaf litter has a lower carbon-nitrogen ratio than the type of tree this plant is?
[ "deciduous leaf litter" ]
deciduous leaf litter
2_hop
Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:
[ "WikiWeb_Ligustrum lucidum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]
[ "Ligustrum lucidum is an evergreen tree growing to 10 m (33 ft) tall and broad. The leaves are opposite, glossy dark green, 6–17 centimetres (2.4–6.7 in) long and 3–8 centimetres (1.2–3.1 in) broad. The flowers are similar to other privets, white or near white, borne in panicles, and have a strong fragrance, which some people find unpleasant.\nLigustrum lucidum and the variegated cultivar 'Excelsum Superbum' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]
inaturalist_1713637
inat/train/08552_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Lamiales_Oleaceae_Ligustrum_lucidum/1a7aea1b-aa12-4f4d-8ded-6ad3cf039ef1.jpg
inaturalist_1713637
EVQA_916392
What type of leaf litter has a lower carbon-nitrogen ratio than the type of tree this plant is?
[ "deciduous leaf litter" ]
deciduous leaf litter
2_hop
Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:
[ "WikiWeb_Ligustrum lucidum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]
[ "Ligustrum lucidum is an evergreen tree growing to 10 m (33 ft) tall and broad. The leaves are opposite, glossy dark green, 6–17 centimetres (2.4–6.7 in) long and 3–8 centimetres (1.2–3.1 in) broad. The flowers are similar to other privets, white or near white, borne in panicles, and have a strong fragrance, which some people find unpleasant.\nLigustrum lucidum and the variegated cultivar 'Excelsum Superbum' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]
inaturalist_1221369
inat/train/08552_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Lamiales_Oleaceae_Ligustrum_lucidum/4707ee1e-a2a5-43a2-9801-16da548670ab.jpg
inaturalist_1221369
EVQA_916393
What type of leaf litter has a lower carbon-nitrogen ratio than the type of tree this plant is?
[ "deciduous leaf litter" ]
deciduous leaf litter
2_hop
Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:
[ "WikiWeb_Ligustrum lucidum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]
[ "Ligustrum lucidum is an evergreen tree growing to 10 m (33 ft) tall and broad. The leaves are opposite, glossy dark green, 6–17 centimetres (2.4–6.7 in) long and 3–8 centimetres (1.2–3.1 in) broad. The flowers are similar to other privets, white or near white, borne in panicles, and have a strong fragrance, which some people find unpleasant.\nLigustrum lucidum and the variegated cultivar 'Excelsum Superbum' have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]
inaturalist_1420468
inat/train/08552_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Lamiales_Oleaceae_Ligustrum_lucidum/0057fa77-6361-4b5f-87e5-a8f3f906c56a.jpg
inaturalist_1420468
EVQA_916394
What type of leaf litter has a lower carbon-nitrogen ratio than the type of tree this plant is?
[ "deciduous leaf litter" ]
deciduous leaf litter
2_hop
Using the given image, access documents that provide insights into the following question:
[ "WikiWeb_Olearia paniculata_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]
[ "Olearia paniculata is a small evergreen tree that is indigenous and commonly found in both the North and South Islands of New Zealand. It has reddish twigs bearing very smooth and wavy-edged oval green leaves that are white underneath and twigs that are grooved on the top surface and angular in cross-section. It can grow up to about 6 meters tall. Olearia paniculata branchlets are grooved, sharp-cornered, very short and grow up to short lengths such as 2-4 centimeters. Flowers are small, white, and in dense clusters. Petiole of the akiraho plant which exists as a stalk that attaches the leaf blade to the stem which grows up to 5 millimeters long. It also has a white thin appressed white to buff tomentum below. Olearia paniculata also has a sweet smell to it and is looked at by many people as used for creating hedges. The genus is named after Johann Gottfried Olearius, a 17th-century German scholar and author of Specimen Florae Hallensis. Paniculata, on the other hand, means “Small sprayed”. Olearia paniculata leaf margins can be flat or strongly wavy.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]
inaturalist_1655922
inat/train/06907_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Asterales_Asteraceae_Olearia_paniculata/439a174d-bdd6-4f4e-83e8-15efaf357828.jpg
inaturalist_1655922
EVQA_916395
What is the future research of this plant highly linked to counter measures to rhizosphere kalkhoffii?
[ "longevity" ]
longevity
2_hop
Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:
[ "WikiWeb_Olearia paniculata_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]
[ "Olearia paniculata is a small evergreen tree that is indigenous and commonly found in both the North and South Islands of New Zealand. It has reddish twigs bearing very smooth and wavy-edged oval green leaves that are white underneath and twigs that are grooved on the top surface and angular in cross-section. It can grow up to about 6 meters tall. Olearia paniculata branchlets are grooved, sharp-cornered, very short and grow up to short lengths such as 2-4 centimeters. Flowers are small, white, and in dense clusters. Petiole of the akiraho plant which exists as a stalk that attaches the leaf blade to the stem which grows up to 5 millimeters long. It also has a white thin appressed white to buff tomentum below. Olearia paniculata also has a sweet smell to it and is looked at by many people as used for creating hedges. The genus is named after Johann Gottfried Olearius, a 17th-century German scholar and author of Specimen Florae Hallensis. Paniculata, on the other hand, means “Small sprayed”. Olearia paniculata leaf margins can be flat or strongly wavy.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]
inaturalist_1221765
inat/train/06907_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Asterales_Asteraceae_Olearia_paniculata/73993d78-393d-4c67-96e3-82d1e9487fd1.jpg
inaturalist_1221765
EVQA_916396
What is the future research of this plant highly linked to counter measures to rhizosphere kalkhoffii?
[ "longevity" ]
longevity
2_hop
Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:
[ "WikiWeb_Olearia paniculata_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]
[ "Olearia paniculata is a small evergreen tree that is indigenous and commonly found in both the North and South Islands of New Zealand. It has reddish twigs bearing very smooth and wavy-edged oval green leaves that are white underneath and twigs that are grooved on the top surface and angular in cross-section. It can grow up to about 6 meters tall. Olearia paniculata branchlets are grooved, sharp-cornered, very short and grow up to short lengths such as 2-4 centimeters. Flowers are small, white, and in dense clusters. Petiole of the akiraho plant which exists as a stalk that attaches the leaf blade to the stem which grows up to 5 millimeters long. It also has a white thin appressed white to buff tomentum below. Olearia paniculata also has a sweet smell to it and is looked at by many people as used for creating hedges. The genus is named after Johann Gottfried Olearius, a 17th-century German scholar and author of Specimen Florae Hallensis. Paniculata, on the other hand, means “Small sprayed”. Olearia paniculata leaf margins can be flat or strongly wavy.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]
inaturalist_1569521
inat/train/06907_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Asterales_Asteraceae_Olearia_paniculata/9c0498f0-8d56-459b-af5b-f38d72d645bc.jpg
inaturalist_1569521
EVQA_916397
What is the future research of this plant highly linked to counter measures to rhizosphere kalkhoffii?
[ "longevity" ]
longevity
2_hop
Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:
[ "WikiWeb_Olearia paniculata_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]
[ "Olearia paniculata is a small evergreen tree that is indigenous and commonly found in both the North and South Islands of New Zealand. It has reddish twigs bearing very smooth and wavy-edged oval green leaves that are white underneath and twigs that are grooved on the top surface and angular in cross-section. It can grow up to about 6 meters tall. Olearia paniculata branchlets are grooved, sharp-cornered, very short and grow up to short lengths such as 2-4 centimeters. Flowers are small, white, and in dense clusters. Petiole of the akiraho plant which exists as a stalk that attaches the leaf blade to the stem which grows up to 5 millimeters long. It also has a white thin appressed white to buff tomentum below. Olearia paniculata also has a sweet smell to it and is looked at by many people as used for creating hedges. The genus is named after Johann Gottfried Olearius, a 17th-century German scholar and author of Specimen Florae Hallensis. Paniculata, on the other hand, means “Small sprayed”. Olearia paniculata leaf margins can be flat or strongly wavy.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]
inaturalist_1458546
inat/train/06907_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Asterales_Asteraceae_Olearia_paniculata/12ccdc73-41b9-4e4f-910c-9ca963d59ad6.jpg
inaturalist_1458546
EVQA_916398
What is the future research of this plant highly linked to counter measures to rhizosphere kalkhoffii?
[ "longevity" ]
longevity
2_hop
Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:
[ "WikiWeb_Olearia paniculata_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]
[ "Olearia paniculata is a small evergreen tree that is indigenous and commonly found in both the North and South Islands of New Zealand. It has reddish twigs bearing very smooth and wavy-edged oval green leaves that are white underneath and twigs that are grooved on the top surface and angular in cross-section. It can grow up to about 6 meters tall. Olearia paniculata branchlets are grooved, sharp-cornered, very short and grow up to short lengths such as 2-4 centimeters. Flowers are small, white, and in dense clusters. Petiole of the akiraho plant which exists as a stalk that attaches the leaf blade to the stem which grows up to 5 millimeters long. It also has a white thin appressed white to buff tomentum below. Olearia paniculata also has a sweet smell to it and is looked at by many people as used for creating hedges. The genus is named after Johann Gottfried Olearius, a 17th-century German scholar and author of Specimen Florae Hallensis. Paniculata, on the other hand, means “Small sprayed”. Olearia paniculata leaf margins can be flat or strongly wavy.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]
inaturalist_112562
inat/train/06907_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Asterales_Asteraceae_Olearia_paniculata/7f4c2421-a438-4f34-a8a9-d416363b4c2d.jpg
inaturalist_112562
EVQA_916399
What is the future research of this plant highly linked to counter measures to rhizosphere kalkhoffii?
[ "longevity" ]
longevity
2_hop
With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:
[ "WikiWeb_Olearia paniculata_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]
[ "Olearia paniculata is a small evergreen tree that is indigenous and commonly found in both the North and South Islands of New Zealand. It has reddish twigs bearing very smooth and wavy-edged oval green leaves that are white underneath and twigs that are grooved on the top surface and angular in cross-section. It can grow up to about 6 meters tall. Olearia paniculata branchlets are grooved, sharp-cornered, very short and grow up to short lengths such as 2-4 centimeters. Flowers are small, white, and in dense clusters. Petiole of the akiraho plant which exists as a stalk that attaches the leaf blade to the stem which grows up to 5 millimeters long. It also has a white thin appressed white to buff tomentum below. Olearia paniculata also has a sweet smell to it and is looked at by many people as used for creating hedges. The genus is named after Johann Gottfried Olearius, a 17th-century German scholar and author of Specimen Florae Hallensis. Paniculata, on the other hand, means “Small sprayed”. Olearia paniculata leaf margins can be flat or strongly wavy.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]
inaturalist_2361483
inat/train/06907_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Asterales_Asteraceae_Olearia_paniculata/a3294a1e-c2ad-4891-a914-9f2fd377ee0f.jpg
inaturalist_2361483
EVQA_916400
How do trees like this plant lose their leaves?
[ "gradually" ]
gradually
2_hop
Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:
[ "WikiWeb_Olearia paniculata_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]
[ "Olearia paniculata is a small evergreen tree that is indigenous and commonly found in both the North and South Islands of New Zealand. It has reddish twigs bearing very smooth and wavy-edged oval green leaves that are white underneath and twigs that are grooved on the top surface and angular in cross-section. It can grow up to about 6 meters tall. Olearia paniculata branchlets are grooved, sharp-cornered, very short and grow up to short lengths such as 2-4 centimeters. Flowers are small, white, and in dense clusters. Petiole of the akiraho plant which exists as a stalk that attaches the leaf blade to the stem which grows up to 5 millimeters long. It also has a white thin appressed white to buff tomentum below. Olearia paniculata also has a sweet smell to it and is looked at by many people as used for creating hedges. The genus is named after Johann Gottfried Olearius, a 17th-century German scholar and author of Specimen Florae Hallensis. Paniculata, on the other hand, means “Small sprayed”. Olearia paniculata leaf margins can be flat or strongly wavy.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]
inaturalist_291221
inat/train/06907_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Asterales_Asteraceae_Olearia_paniculata/6736cc3b-48c8-4972-af27-54bcd4dbac65.jpg
inaturalist_291221
EVQA_916401
How do trees like this plant lose their leaves?
[ "gradually" ]
gradually
2_hop
Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:
[ "WikiWeb_Olearia paniculata_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]
[ "Olearia paniculata is a small evergreen tree that is indigenous and commonly found in both the North and South Islands of New Zealand. It has reddish twigs bearing very smooth and wavy-edged oval green leaves that are white underneath and twigs that are grooved on the top surface and angular in cross-section. It can grow up to about 6 meters tall. Olearia paniculata branchlets are grooved, sharp-cornered, very short and grow up to short lengths such as 2-4 centimeters. Flowers are small, white, and in dense clusters. Petiole of the akiraho plant which exists as a stalk that attaches the leaf blade to the stem which grows up to 5 millimeters long. It also has a white thin appressed white to buff tomentum below. Olearia paniculata also has a sweet smell to it and is looked at by many people as used for creating hedges. The genus is named after Johann Gottfried Olearius, a 17th-century German scholar and author of Specimen Florae Hallensis. Paniculata, on the other hand, means “Small sprayed”. Olearia paniculata leaf margins can be flat or strongly wavy.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]
inaturalist_983767
inat/train/06907_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Asterales_Asteraceae_Olearia_paniculata/90dc220b-2858-46c3-8300-f4b8fe55a034.jpg
inaturalist_983767
EVQA_916402
How do trees like this plant lose their leaves?
[ "gradually" ]
gradually
2_hop
Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:
[ "WikiWeb_Olearia paniculata_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]
[ "Olearia paniculata is a small evergreen tree that is indigenous and commonly found in both the North and South Islands of New Zealand. It has reddish twigs bearing very smooth and wavy-edged oval green leaves that are white underneath and twigs that are grooved on the top surface and angular in cross-section. It can grow up to about 6 meters tall. Olearia paniculata branchlets are grooved, sharp-cornered, very short and grow up to short lengths such as 2-4 centimeters. Flowers are small, white, and in dense clusters. Petiole of the akiraho plant which exists as a stalk that attaches the leaf blade to the stem which grows up to 5 millimeters long. It also has a white thin appressed white to buff tomentum below. Olearia paniculata also has a sweet smell to it and is looked at by many people as used for creating hedges. The genus is named after Johann Gottfried Olearius, a 17th-century German scholar and author of Specimen Florae Hallensis. Paniculata, on the other hand, means “Small sprayed”. Olearia paniculata leaf margins can be flat or strongly wavy.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]
inaturalist_1458546
inat/train/06907_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Asterales_Asteraceae_Olearia_paniculata/12ccdc73-41b9-4e4f-910c-9ca963d59ad6.jpg
inaturalist_1458546
EVQA_916403
How do trees like this plant lose their leaves?
[ "gradually" ]
gradually
2_hop
Obtain documents that correspond to the inquiry alongside the provided image:
[ "WikiWeb_Olearia paniculata_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]
[ "Olearia paniculata is a small evergreen tree that is indigenous and commonly found in both the North and South Islands of New Zealand. It has reddish twigs bearing very smooth and wavy-edged oval green leaves that are white underneath and twigs that are grooved on the top surface and angular in cross-section. It can grow up to about 6 meters tall. Olearia paniculata branchlets are grooved, sharp-cornered, very short and grow up to short lengths such as 2-4 centimeters. Flowers are small, white, and in dense clusters. Petiole of the akiraho plant which exists as a stalk that attaches the leaf blade to the stem which grows up to 5 millimeters long. It also has a white thin appressed white to buff tomentum below. Olearia paniculata also has a sweet smell to it and is looked at by many people as used for creating hedges. The genus is named after Johann Gottfried Olearius, a 17th-century German scholar and author of Specimen Florae Hallensis. Paniculata, on the other hand, means “Small sprayed”. Olearia paniculata leaf margins can be flat or strongly wavy.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]
inaturalist_1583110
inat/train/06907_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Asterales_Asteraceae_Olearia_paniculata/57c8cb16-e415-463f-a33f-d9fceeb11e92.jpg
inaturalist_1583110
EVQA_916404
How do trees like this plant lose their leaves?
[ "gradually" ]
gradually
2_hop
Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:
[ "WikiWeb_Rhododendron macrophyllum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]
[ "It is an evergreen shrub growing up to 2–9 m (7–30 ft) tall. The leaves, retained for 2–3 years, are 7–23 cm (3–9 in) long and 3–7 cm (1–3 in) broad. The flowers are 2.8–4 cm (1.1–1.6 in) long, with five lobes on the corolla; color is usually pink, although variants exist.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]
inaturalist_1877620
inat/train/07781_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Ericales_Ericaceae_Rhododendron_macrophyllum/dbfaecdc-fb07-4d82-9a86-4a215cffd06f.jpg
inaturalist_1877620
EVQA_916405
What does fungicide do for this plant?
[ "protect" ]
protect
2_hop
With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:
[ "WikiWeb_Rhododendron macrophyllum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]
[ "It is an evergreen shrub growing up to 2–9 m (7–30 ft) tall. The leaves, retained for 2–3 years, are 7–23 cm (3–9 in) long and 3–7 cm (1–3 in) broad. The flowers are 2.8–4 cm (1.1–1.6 in) long, with five lobes on the corolla; color is usually pink, although variants exist.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]
inaturalist_1826798
inat/train/07781_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Ericales_Ericaceae_Rhododendron_macrophyllum/7d0f2592-9b20-48f1-a059-e2ab0162c83e.jpg
inaturalist_1826798
EVQA_916406
What does fungicide do for this plant?
[ "protect" ]
protect
2_hop
Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:
[ "WikiWeb_Rhododendron macrophyllum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]
[ "It is an evergreen shrub growing up to 2–9 m (7–30 ft) tall. The leaves, retained for 2–3 years, are 7–23 cm (3–9 in) long and 3–7 cm (1–3 in) broad. The flowers are 2.8–4 cm (1.1–1.6 in) long, with five lobes on the corolla; color is usually pink, although variants exist.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]
inaturalist_2453937
inat/train/07781_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Ericales_Ericaceae_Rhododendron_macrophyllum/38aba4a1-6dc5-4163-b7eb-b3c059246479.jpg
inaturalist_2453937
EVQA_916407
What does fungicide do for this plant?
[ "protect" ]
protect
2_hop
Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:
[ "WikiWeb_Rhododendron macrophyllum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]
[ "It is an evergreen shrub growing up to 2–9 m (7–30 ft) tall. The leaves, retained for 2–3 years, are 7–23 cm (3–9 in) long and 3–7 cm (1–3 in) broad. The flowers are 2.8–4 cm (1.1–1.6 in) long, with five lobes on the corolla; color is usually pink, although variants exist.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]
inaturalist_37135
inat/train/07781_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Ericales_Ericaceae_Rhododendron_macrophyllum/c06fc8cb-a177-43c8-9e99-dff5c7661638.jpg
inaturalist_37135
EVQA_916408
What does fungicide do for this plant?
[ "protect" ]
protect
2_hop
Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:
[ "WikiWeb_Rhododendron macrophyllum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]
[ "It is an evergreen shrub growing up to 2–9 m (7–30 ft) tall. The leaves, retained for 2–3 years, are 7–23 cm (3–9 in) long and 3–7 cm (1–3 in) broad. The flowers are 2.8–4 cm (1.1–1.6 in) long, with five lobes on the corolla; color is usually pink, although variants exist.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]
inaturalist_34245
inat/train/07781_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Ericales_Ericaceae_Rhododendron_macrophyllum/c80f1e13-19b0-4279-b1db-edfeed9a11e0.jpg
inaturalist_34245
EVQA_916409
What does fungicide do for this plant?
[ "protect" ]
protect
2_hop
Using the given image, access documents that provide insights into the following question:
[ "WikiWeb_Artocarpus heterophyllus_4", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_2" ]
[ "Artocarpus heterophyllus grows as an evergreen tree that has a relatively short trunk with a dense treetop. It easily reaches heights of 10 to 20 m (33 to 66 feet) and trunk diameters of 30 to 80 cm (12 to 31 inches). It sometimes forms buttress roots. The bark of the jackfruit tree is reddish-brown and smooth. In the event of injury to the bark, a milky juice is released.\nThe leaves are alternate and spirally arranged. They are gummy and thick and are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The petiole is 2.5 to 7.5 cm (1 to 3 inches) long. The leathery leaf blade is 20 to 40 cm (7 to 15 inches) long, and 7.5 to 18 cm (3 to 7 inches) wide and is oblong to ovate in shape.\nIn young trees, the leaf edges are irregularly lobed or split. On older trees, the leaves are rounded and dark green, with a smooth leaf margin. The leaf blade has a prominent main nerve and starting on each side six to eight lateral nerves. The stipules are egg-shaped at a length of 1.5 to 8 cm (9⁄16 to 3+1⁄8 inches).", "Japanese umbrella pine is unique in that it has its own family of which it is the only species." ]
inaturalist_1586915
inat/train/09303_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Rosales_Moraceae_Artocarpus_heterophyllus/04e5d3b8-b833-4d47-983d-505fb0f18c6f.jpg
inaturalist_1586915
EVQA_916410
What are the families of the tree in the picture?
[ "evergreen families" ]
evergreen families
2_hop
With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:
[ "WikiWeb_Artocarpus heterophyllus_4", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_2" ]
[ "Artocarpus heterophyllus grows as an evergreen tree that has a relatively short trunk with a dense treetop. It easily reaches heights of 10 to 20 m (33 to 66 feet) and trunk diameters of 30 to 80 cm (12 to 31 inches). It sometimes forms buttress roots. The bark of the jackfruit tree is reddish-brown and smooth. In the event of injury to the bark, a milky juice is released.\nThe leaves are alternate and spirally arranged. They are gummy and thick and are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The petiole is 2.5 to 7.5 cm (1 to 3 inches) long. The leathery leaf blade is 20 to 40 cm (7 to 15 inches) long, and 7.5 to 18 cm (3 to 7 inches) wide and is oblong to ovate in shape.\nIn young trees, the leaf edges are irregularly lobed or split. On older trees, the leaves are rounded and dark green, with a smooth leaf margin. The leaf blade has a prominent main nerve and starting on each side six to eight lateral nerves. The stipules are egg-shaped at a length of 1.5 to 8 cm (9⁄16 to 3+1⁄8 inches).", "Japanese umbrella pine is unique in that it has its own family of which it is the only species." ]
inaturalist_2375688
inat/train/09303_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Rosales_Moraceae_Artocarpus_heterophyllus/a98a6bf6-b53a-403a-9d41-2e1856a1d1b5.jpg
inaturalist_2375688
EVQA_916411
What are the families of the tree in the picture?
[ "evergreen families" ]
evergreen families
2_hop
Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:
[ "WikiWeb_Artocarpus heterophyllus_4", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_2" ]
[ "Artocarpus heterophyllus grows as an evergreen tree that has a relatively short trunk with a dense treetop. It easily reaches heights of 10 to 20 m (33 to 66 feet) and trunk diameters of 30 to 80 cm (12 to 31 inches). It sometimes forms buttress roots. The bark of the jackfruit tree is reddish-brown and smooth. In the event of injury to the bark, a milky juice is released.\nThe leaves are alternate and spirally arranged. They are gummy and thick and are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The petiole is 2.5 to 7.5 cm (1 to 3 inches) long. The leathery leaf blade is 20 to 40 cm (7 to 15 inches) long, and 7.5 to 18 cm (3 to 7 inches) wide and is oblong to ovate in shape.\nIn young trees, the leaf edges are irregularly lobed or split. On older trees, the leaves are rounded and dark green, with a smooth leaf margin. The leaf blade has a prominent main nerve and starting on each side six to eight lateral nerves. The stipules are egg-shaped at a length of 1.5 to 8 cm (9⁄16 to 3+1⁄8 inches).", "Japanese umbrella pine is unique in that it has its own family of which it is the only species." ]
inaturalist_795735
inat/train/09303_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Rosales_Moraceae_Artocarpus_heterophyllus/bccbf329-d9fd-4513-ba7e-8fc90fd09ead.jpg
inaturalist_795735
EVQA_916412
What are the families of the tree in the picture?
[ "evergreen families" ]
evergreen families
2_hop
Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:
[ "WikiWeb_Artocarpus heterophyllus_4", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_2" ]
[ "Artocarpus heterophyllus grows as an evergreen tree that has a relatively short trunk with a dense treetop. It easily reaches heights of 10 to 20 m (33 to 66 feet) and trunk diameters of 30 to 80 cm (12 to 31 inches). It sometimes forms buttress roots. The bark of the jackfruit tree is reddish-brown and smooth. In the event of injury to the bark, a milky juice is released.\nThe leaves are alternate and spirally arranged. They are gummy and thick and are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The petiole is 2.5 to 7.5 cm (1 to 3 inches) long. The leathery leaf blade is 20 to 40 cm (7 to 15 inches) long, and 7.5 to 18 cm (3 to 7 inches) wide and is oblong to ovate in shape.\nIn young trees, the leaf edges are irregularly lobed or split. On older trees, the leaves are rounded and dark green, with a smooth leaf margin. The leaf blade has a prominent main nerve and starting on each side six to eight lateral nerves. The stipules are egg-shaped at a length of 1.5 to 8 cm (9⁄16 to 3+1⁄8 inches).", "Japanese umbrella pine is unique in that it has its own family of which it is the only species." ]
inaturalist_1587407
inat/train/09303_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Rosales_Moraceae_Artocarpus_heterophyllus/51226982-f5c6-4ace-9d19-b38925f379b7.jpg
inaturalist_1587407
EVQA_916413
What are the families of the tree in the picture?
[ "evergreen families" ]
evergreen families
2_hop
With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:
[ "WikiWeb_Artocarpus heterophyllus_4", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_2" ]
[ "Artocarpus heterophyllus grows as an evergreen tree that has a relatively short trunk with a dense treetop. It easily reaches heights of 10 to 20 m (33 to 66 feet) and trunk diameters of 30 to 80 cm (12 to 31 inches). It sometimes forms buttress roots. The bark of the jackfruit tree is reddish-brown and smooth. In the event of injury to the bark, a milky juice is released.\nThe leaves are alternate and spirally arranged. They are gummy and thick and are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The petiole is 2.5 to 7.5 cm (1 to 3 inches) long. The leathery leaf blade is 20 to 40 cm (7 to 15 inches) long, and 7.5 to 18 cm (3 to 7 inches) wide and is oblong to ovate in shape.\nIn young trees, the leaf edges are irregularly lobed or split. On older trees, the leaves are rounded and dark green, with a smooth leaf margin. The leaf blade has a prominent main nerve and starting on each side six to eight lateral nerves. The stipules are egg-shaped at a length of 1.5 to 8 cm (9⁄16 to 3+1⁄8 inches).", "Japanese umbrella pine is unique in that it has its own family of which it is the only species." ]
inaturalist_593197
inat/train/09303_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Rosales_Moraceae_Artocarpus_heterophyllus/06b6bca2-a042-4ed0-a3a0-c13fbb3a3596.jpg
inaturalist_593197
EVQA_916414
What are the families of the tree in the picture?
[ "evergreen families" ]
evergreen families
2_hop
Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:
[ "WikiWeb_Cassiope tetragona_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]
[ "Cassiope tetragona (common names include Arctic bell-heather, white Arctic mountain heather and Arctic white heather) is a plant native to the high Arctic and northern Norway, where it is found widely.\nGrowing to 10–20 cm in height, it is a strongly branched dwarf shrub. The leaves are grooved, evergreen, and scale-like in four rows. Pedicels are long and arched. The plant bears bell-shaped, solitary flowers usually with white and pink lobes and pink anthers. The flower stalks and sepals are red, but the petals may also be yellowish-white. The anthers can also be brownish-yellow and flower stalks and sepals yellowish-green.\nIt grows on ridges and heaths, often in abundance and forming a distinctive and attractive plant community.\nIn Greenland, indigenous peoples use the plant as important source of fuel. Because of high resin content, it burns even when wet.\nThe plant can also be used in cooking. Canadian chef Louis Charest used arctic heather as a smoked herb for the 2016 Three Amigos Summit state dinner.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]
inaturalist_2685913
inat/train/07717_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Ericales_Ericaceae_Cassiope_tetragona/ef2071ff-f60b-433a-904a-7494774b4d2e.jpg
inaturalist_2685913
EVQA_916415
What characteristic of the leaves of this plant varies greatly?
[ "longevity" ]
longevity
2_hop
Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:
[ "WikiWeb_Cassiope tetragona_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]
[ "Cassiope tetragona (common names include Arctic bell-heather, white Arctic mountain heather and Arctic white heather) is a plant native to the high Arctic and northern Norway, where it is found widely.\nGrowing to 10–20 cm in height, it is a strongly branched dwarf shrub. The leaves are grooved, evergreen, and scale-like in four rows. Pedicels are long and arched. The plant bears bell-shaped, solitary flowers usually with white and pink lobes and pink anthers. The flower stalks and sepals are red, but the petals may also be yellowish-white. The anthers can also be brownish-yellow and flower stalks and sepals yellowish-green.\nIt grows on ridges and heaths, often in abundance and forming a distinctive and attractive plant community.\nIn Greenland, indigenous peoples use the plant as important source of fuel. Because of high resin content, it burns even when wet.\nThe plant can also be used in cooking. Canadian chef Louis Charest used arctic heather as a smoked herb for the 2016 Three Amigos Summit state dinner.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]
inaturalist_2483603
inat/train/07717_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Ericales_Ericaceae_Cassiope_tetragona/f55b0722-a662-4bb1-b020-42507d9766f3.jpg
inaturalist_2483603
EVQA_916416
What characteristic of the leaves of this plant varies greatly?
[ "longevity" ]
longevity
2_hop
Using the given image, access documents that provide insights into the following question:
[ "WikiWeb_Cassiope tetragona_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]
[ "Cassiope tetragona (common names include Arctic bell-heather, white Arctic mountain heather and Arctic white heather) is a plant native to the high Arctic and northern Norway, where it is found widely.\nGrowing to 10–20 cm in height, it is a strongly branched dwarf shrub. The leaves are grooved, evergreen, and scale-like in four rows. Pedicels are long and arched. The plant bears bell-shaped, solitary flowers usually with white and pink lobes and pink anthers. The flower stalks and sepals are red, but the petals may also be yellowish-white. The anthers can also be brownish-yellow and flower stalks and sepals yellowish-green.\nIt grows on ridges and heaths, often in abundance and forming a distinctive and attractive plant community.\nIn Greenland, indigenous peoples use the plant as important source of fuel. Because of high resin content, it burns even when wet.\nThe plant can also be used in cooking. Canadian chef Louis Charest used arctic heather as a smoked herb for the 2016 Three Amigos Summit state dinner.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]
inaturalist_1229192
inat/train/07717_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Ericales_Ericaceae_Cassiope_tetragona/3b490dee-cd1c-4db4-b746-dca227e0269f.jpg
inaturalist_1229192
EVQA_916417
What characteristic of the leaves of this plant varies greatly?
[ "longevity" ]
longevity
2_hop
Using the given image, access documents that provide insights into the following question:
[ "WikiWeb_Cassiope tetragona_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]
[ "Cassiope tetragona (common names include Arctic bell-heather, white Arctic mountain heather and Arctic white heather) is a plant native to the high Arctic and northern Norway, where it is found widely.\nGrowing to 10–20 cm in height, it is a strongly branched dwarf shrub. The leaves are grooved, evergreen, and scale-like in four rows. Pedicels are long and arched. The plant bears bell-shaped, solitary flowers usually with white and pink lobes and pink anthers. The flower stalks and sepals are red, but the petals may also be yellowish-white. The anthers can also be brownish-yellow and flower stalks and sepals yellowish-green.\nIt grows on ridges and heaths, often in abundance and forming a distinctive and attractive plant community.\nIn Greenland, indigenous peoples use the plant as important source of fuel. Because of high resin content, it burns even when wet.\nThe plant can also be used in cooking. Canadian chef Louis Charest used arctic heather as a smoked herb for the 2016 Three Amigos Summit state dinner.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]
inaturalist_2560854
inat/train/07717_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Ericales_Ericaceae_Cassiope_tetragona/da5703a5-f40f-4fdb-8075-86af20c0de06.jpg
inaturalist_2560854
EVQA_916418
What characteristic of the leaves of this plant varies greatly?
[ "longevity" ]
longevity
2_hop
Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:
[ "WikiWeb_Cassiope tetragona_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]
[ "Cassiope tetragona (common names include Arctic bell-heather, white Arctic mountain heather and Arctic white heather) is a plant native to the high Arctic and northern Norway, where it is found widely.\nGrowing to 10–20 cm in height, it is a strongly branched dwarf shrub. The leaves are grooved, evergreen, and scale-like in four rows. Pedicels are long and arched. The plant bears bell-shaped, solitary flowers usually with white and pink lobes and pink anthers. The flower stalks and sepals are red, but the petals may also be yellowish-white. The anthers can also be brownish-yellow and flower stalks and sepals yellowish-green.\nIt grows on ridges and heaths, often in abundance and forming a distinctive and attractive plant community.\nIn Greenland, indigenous peoples use the plant as important source of fuel. Because of high resin content, it burns even when wet.\nThe plant can also be used in cooking. Canadian chef Louis Charest used arctic heather as a smoked herb for the 2016 Three Amigos Summit state dinner.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]
inaturalist_2107875
inat/train/07717_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Ericales_Ericaceae_Cassiope_tetragona/162a875a-3d66-4dd4-8005-59ffe4a0724f.jpg
inaturalist_2107875
EVQA_916419
What characteristic of the leaves of this plant varies greatly?
[ "longevity" ]
longevity
2_hop
Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:
[ "WikiWeb_Cassiope tetragona_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]
[ "Cassiope tetragona (common names include Arctic bell-heather, white Arctic mountain heather and Arctic white heather) is a plant native to the high Arctic and northern Norway, where it is found widely.\nGrowing to 10–20 cm in height, it is a strongly branched dwarf shrub. The leaves are grooved, evergreen, and scale-like in four rows. Pedicels are long and arched. The plant bears bell-shaped, solitary flowers usually with white and pink lobes and pink anthers. The flower stalks and sepals are red, but the petals may also be yellowish-white. The anthers can also be brownish-yellow and flower stalks and sepals yellowish-green.\nIt grows on ridges and heaths, often in abundance and forming a distinctive and attractive plant community.\nIn Greenland, indigenous peoples use the plant as important source of fuel. Because of high resin content, it burns even when wet.\nThe plant can also be used in cooking. Canadian chef Louis Charest used arctic heather as a smoked herb for the 2016 Three Amigos Summit state dinner.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]
inaturalist_1898395
inat/train/07717_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Ericales_Ericaceae_Cassiope_tetragona/83be87b6-08f6-4576-9282-fa37de3b0a7c.jpg
inaturalist_1898395
EVQA_916420
How do the leaves of this plant fall off?
[ "gradually" ]
gradually
2_hop
With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:
[ "WikiWeb_Cassiope tetragona_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]
[ "Cassiope tetragona (common names include Arctic bell-heather, white Arctic mountain heather and Arctic white heather) is a plant native to the high Arctic and northern Norway, where it is found widely.\nGrowing to 10–20 cm in height, it is a strongly branched dwarf shrub. The leaves are grooved, evergreen, and scale-like in four rows. Pedicels are long and arched. The plant bears bell-shaped, solitary flowers usually with white and pink lobes and pink anthers. The flower stalks and sepals are red, but the petals may also be yellowish-white. The anthers can also be brownish-yellow and flower stalks and sepals yellowish-green.\nIt grows on ridges and heaths, often in abundance and forming a distinctive and attractive plant community.\nIn Greenland, indigenous peoples use the plant as important source of fuel. Because of high resin content, it burns even when wet.\nThe plant can also be used in cooking. Canadian chef Louis Charest used arctic heather as a smoked herb for the 2016 Three Amigos Summit state dinner.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]
inaturalist_1297418
inat/train/07717_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Ericales_Ericaceae_Cassiope_tetragona/bd4c9900-af4b-41bb-94bc-bef389e24fb3.jpg
inaturalist_1297418
EVQA_916421
How do the leaves of this plant fall off?
[ "gradually" ]
gradually
2_hop
Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:
[ "WikiWeb_Cassiope tetragona_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]
[ "Cassiope tetragona (common names include Arctic bell-heather, white Arctic mountain heather and Arctic white heather) is a plant native to the high Arctic and northern Norway, where it is found widely.\nGrowing to 10–20 cm in height, it is a strongly branched dwarf shrub. The leaves are grooved, evergreen, and scale-like in four rows. Pedicels are long and arched. The plant bears bell-shaped, solitary flowers usually with white and pink lobes and pink anthers. The flower stalks and sepals are red, but the petals may also be yellowish-white. The anthers can also be brownish-yellow and flower stalks and sepals yellowish-green.\nIt grows on ridges and heaths, often in abundance and forming a distinctive and attractive plant community.\nIn Greenland, indigenous peoples use the plant as important source of fuel. Because of high resin content, it burns even when wet.\nThe plant can also be used in cooking. Canadian chef Louis Charest used arctic heather as a smoked herb for the 2016 Three Amigos Summit state dinner.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]
inaturalist_976222
inat/train/07717_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Ericales_Ericaceae_Cassiope_tetragona/96b553f0-e814-4f84-b7fb-f6f543a15857.jpg
inaturalist_976222
EVQA_916422
How do the leaves of this plant fall off?
[ "gradually" ]
gradually
2_hop
Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:
[ "WikiWeb_Cassiope tetragona_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]
[ "Cassiope tetragona (common names include Arctic bell-heather, white Arctic mountain heather and Arctic white heather) is a plant native to the high Arctic and northern Norway, where it is found widely.\nGrowing to 10–20 cm in height, it is a strongly branched dwarf shrub. The leaves are grooved, evergreen, and scale-like in four rows. Pedicels are long and arched. The plant bears bell-shaped, solitary flowers usually with white and pink lobes and pink anthers. The flower stalks and sepals are red, but the petals may also be yellowish-white. The anthers can also be brownish-yellow and flower stalks and sepals yellowish-green.\nIt grows on ridges and heaths, often in abundance and forming a distinctive and attractive plant community.\nIn Greenland, indigenous peoples use the plant as important source of fuel. Because of high resin content, it burns even when wet.\nThe plant can also be used in cooking. Canadian chef Louis Charest used arctic heather as a smoked herb for the 2016 Three Amigos Summit state dinner.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]
inaturalist_1089043
inat/train/07717_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Ericales_Ericaceae_Cassiope_tetragona/07975396-9269-4c0b-8218-26a059263b26.jpg
inaturalist_1089043
EVQA_916423
How do the leaves of this plant fall off?
[ "gradually" ]
gradually
2_hop
Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:
[ "WikiWeb_Cassiope tetragona_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]
[ "Cassiope tetragona (common names include Arctic bell-heather, white Arctic mountain heather and Arctic white heather) is a plant native to the high Arctic and northern Norway, where it is found widely.\nGrowing to 10–20 cm in height, it is a strongly branched dwarf shrub. The leaves are grooved, evergreen, and scale-like in four rows. Pedicels are long and arched. The plant bears bell-shaped, solitary flowers usually with white and pink lobes and pink anthers. The flower stalks and sepals are red, but the petals may also be yellowish-white. The anthers can also be brownish-yellow and flower stalks and sepals yellowish-green.\nIt grows on ridges and heaths, often in abundance and forming a distinctive and attractive plant community.\nIn Greenland, indigenous peoples use the plant as important source of fuel. Because of high resin content, it burns even when wet.\nThe plant can also be used in cooking. Canadian chef Louis Charest used arctic heather as a smoked herb for the 2016 Three Amigos Summit state dinner.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]
inaturalist_2084554
inat/train/07717_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Ericales_Ericaceae_Cassiope_tetragona/3ebb8b1c-e0cb-4c97-9bfc-626e4803ab56.jpg
inaturalist_2084554
EVQA_916424
How do the leaves of this plant fall off?
[ "gradually" ]
gradually
2_hop
Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:
[ "WikiWeb_Hypericum calycinum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]
[ "Hypericum calycinum is a low, creeping, evergreen woody shrub (classified as a subshrub or shrublet) to about 1 m tall and 1–2 m wide but often smaller. The green, ovate leaves grow in opposite pairs. Usually 4 inches long, the undersides of the leaves are net-veined. In the sun, the leaves are a vibrant green color, and in shade, the leaves are a lighter yellow-green. The underside of the leaves is a blue-green color and in the fall, the leaves take on a purple color.\nThe flowers are 3–5 cm in diameter, a rich yellow, with five petals and numerous yellow stamens. Its flowers can be described as “rose-like” and tend to be single or in units of two or three, flowering in June to September.\nHypericum calycinum is indigenous to southeast Europe and southwest Asia. It is a popular, semi-evergreen garden shrub with many named cultivars and hybrids derived from it.\nAlthough the genus is generally not affected by rust fungi, it can appear on H. calycinum (and another cultivated plant, Hypericum × inodorum 'Elstead').", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]
inaturalist_1427556
inat/train/08827_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Malpighiales_Hypericaceae_Hypericum_calycinum/cadb6c24-e2fe-43f8-af35-4a1b87ea0862.jpg
inaturalist_1427556
EVQA_916425
In what type of climate do plants like this keep their leaves?
[ "warm" ]
warm
2_hop
Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:
[ "WikiWeb_Hypericum calycinum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]
[ "Hypericum calycinum is a low, creeping, evergreen woody shrub (classified as a subshrub or shrublet) to about 1 m tall and 1–2 m wide but often smaller. The green, ovate leaves grow in opposite pairs. Usually 4 inches long, the undersides of the leaves are net-veined. In the sun, the leaves are a vibrant green color, and in shade, the leaves are a lighter yellow-green. The underside of the leaves is a blue-green color and in the fall, the leaves take on a purple color.\nThe flowers are 3–5 cm in diameter, a rich yellow, with five petals and numerous yellow stamens. Its flowers can be described as “rose-like” and tend to be single or in units of two or three, flowering in June to September.\nHypericum calycinum is indigenous to southeast Europe and southwest Asia. It is a popular, semi-evergreen garden shrub with many named cultivars and hybrids derived from it.\nAlthough the genus is generally not affected by rust fungi, it can appear on H. calycinum (and another cultivated plant, Hypericum × inodorum 'Elstead').", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]
inaturalist_1906424
inat/train/08827_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Malpighiales_Hypericaceae_Hypericum_calycinum/c86bdaa3-2e86-41b9-ac50-81aeffe315b5.jpg
inaturalist_1906424
EVQA_916426
In what type of climate do plants like this keep their leaves?
[ "warm" ]
warm
2_hop
With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:
[ "WikiWeb_Hypericum calycinum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]
[ "Hypericum calycinum is a low, creeping, evergreen woody shrub (classified as a subshrub or shrublet) to about 1 m tall and 1–2 m wide but often smaller. The green, ovate leaves grow in opposite pairs. Usually 4 inches long, the undersides of the leaves are net-veined. In the sun, the leaves are a vibrant green color, and in shade, the leaves are a lighter yellow-green. The underside of the leaves is a blue-green color and in the fall, the leaves take on a purple color.\nThe flowers are 3–5 cm in diameter, a rich yellow, with five petals and numerous yellow stamens. Its flowers can be described as “rose-like” and tend to be single or in units of two or three, flowering in June to September.\nHypericum calycinum is indigenous to southeast Europe and southwest Asia. It is a popular, semi-evergreen garden shrub with many named cultivars and hybrids derived from it.\nAlthough the genus is generally not affected by rust fungi, it can appear on H. calycinum (and another cultivated plant, Hypericum × inodorum 'Elstead').", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]
inaturalist_1890178
inat/train/08827_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Malpighiales_Hypericaceae_Hypericum_calycinum/376e001c-2fec-440e-9b0f-cb4463ec1185.jpg
inaturalist_1890178
EVQA_916427
In what type of climate do plants like this keep their leaves?
[ "warm" ]
warm
2_hop
Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:
[ "WikiWeb_Hypericum calycinum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]
[ "Hypericum calycinum is a low, creeping, evergreen woody shrub (classified as a subshrub or shrublet) to about 1 m tall and 1–2 m wide but often smaller. The green, ovate leaves grow in opposite pairs. Usually 4 inches long, the undersides of the leaves are net-veined. In the sun, the leaves are a vibrant green color, and in shade, the leaves are a lighter yellow-green. The underside of the leaves is a blue-green color and in the fall, the leaves take on a purple color.\nThe flowers are 3–5 cm in diameter, a rich yellow, with five petals and numerous yellow stamens. Its flowers can be described as “rose-like” and tend to be single or in units of two or three, flowering in June to September.\nHypericum calycinum is indigenous to southeast Europe and southwest Asia. It is a popular, semi-evergreen garden shrub with many named cultivars and hybrids derived from it.\nAlthough the genus is generally not affected by rust fungi, it can appear on H. calycinum (and another cultivated plant, Hypericum × inodorum 'Elstead').", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]
inaturalist_151458
inat/train/08827_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Malpighiales_Hypericaceae_Hypericum_calycinum/10d97fc4-36f8-4591-b81a-1989232d6ed4.jpg
inaturalist_151458
EVQA_916428
In what type of climate do plants like this keep their leaves?
[ "warm" ]
warm
2_hop
Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:
[ "WikiWeb_Hypericum calycinum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]
[ "Hypericum calycinum is a low, creeping, evergreen woody shrub (classified as a subshrub or shrublet) to about 1 m tall and 1–2 m wide but often smaller. The green, ovate leaves grow in opposite pairs. Usually 4 inches long, the undersides of the leaves are net-veined. In the sun, the leaves are a vibrant green color, and in shade, the leaves are a lighter yellow-green. The underside of the leaves is a blue-green color and in the fall, the leaves take on a purple color.\nThe flowers are 3–5 cm in diameter, a rich yellow, with five petals and numerous yellow stamens. Its flowers can be described as “rose-like” and tend to be single or in units of two or three, flowering in June to September.\nHypericum calycinum is indigenous to southeast Europe and southwest Asia. It is a popular, semi-evergreen garden shrub with many named cultivars and hybrids derived from it.\nAlthough the genus is generally not affected by rust fungi, it can appear on H. calycinum (and another cultivated plant, Hypericum × inodorum 'Elstead').", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]
inaturalist_2355771
inat/train/08827_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Malpighiales_Hypericaceae_Hypericum_calycinum/36e131de-4fe5-41f4-848e-e674b55b5dbd.jpg
inaturalist_2355771
EVQA_916429
In what type of climate do plants like this keep their leaves?
[ "warm" ]
warm
2_hop
With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:
[ "WikiWeb_Thuja plicata_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]
[ "Thuja plicata is an evergreen coniferous tree in the cypress family Cupressaceae, native to western North America. Its common name is western redcedar (western red cedar in the UK), and it is also called Pacific redcedar, giant arborvitae, western arborvitae, just cedar, giant cedar, or shinglewood. It is not a true cedar of the genus Cedrus.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]
inaturalist_304777
inat/train/09796_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Pinopsida_Pinales_Cupressaceae_Thuja_plicata/37c43a6c-6fcc-485e-9650-9252921c5ac9.jpg
inaturalist_304777
EVQA_916430
In what type of climate do trees like this keep their leaves?
[ "warm" ]
warm
2_hop
Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:
[ "WikiWeb_Thuja plicata_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]
[ "Thuja plicata is an evergreen coniferous tree in the cypress family Cupressaceae, native to western North America. Its common name is western redcedar (western red cedar in the UK), and it is also called Pacific redcedar, giant arborvitae, western arborvitae, just cedar, giant cedar, or shinglewood. It is not a true cedar of the genus Cedrus.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]
inaturalist_1040007
inat/train/09796_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Pinopsida_Pinales_Cupressaceae_Thuja_plicata/3b177cc6-1825-42b8-bd7e-7c06bc4b0fdd.jpg
inaturalist_1040007
EVQA_916431
In what type of climate do trees like this keep their leaves?
[ "warm" ]
warm
2_hop
Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:
[ "WikiWeb_Thuja plicata_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]
[ "Thuja plicata is an evergreen coniferous tree in the cypress family Cupressaceae, native to western North America. Its common name is western redcedar (western red cedar in the UK), and it is also called Pacific redcedar, giant arborvitae, western arborvitae, just cedar, giant cedar, or shinglewood. It is not a true cedar of the genus Cedrus.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]
inaturalist_77678
inat/train/09796_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Pinopsida_Pinales_Cupressaceae_Thuja_plicata/72aa835a-6d34-473a-9691-b1ad2f463cee.jpg
inaturalist_77678
EVQA_916432
In what type of climate do trees like this keep their leaves?
[ "warm" ]
warm
2_hop
Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:
[ "WikiWeb_Thuja plicata_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]
[ "Thuja plicata is an evergreen coniferous tree in the cypress family Cupressaceae, native to western North America. Its common name is western redcedar (western red cedar in the UK), and it is also called Pacific redcedar, giant arborvitae, western arborvitae, just cedar, giant cedar, or shinglewood. It is not a true cedar of the genus Cedrus.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]
inaturalist_305923
inat/train/09796_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Pinopsida_Pinales_Cupressaceae_Thuja_plicata/45d1ad8d-7e4b-4cad-90c7-82c66b4cd8b3.jpg
inaturalist_305923
EVQA_916433
In what type of climate do trees like this keep their leaves?
[ "warm" ]
warm
2_hop
Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:
[ "WikiWeb_Thuja plicata_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]
[ "Thuja plicata is an evergreen coniferous tree in the cypress family Cupressaceae, native to western North America. Its common name is western redcedar (western red cedar in the UK), and it is also called Pacific redcedar, giant arborvitae, western arborvitae, just cedar, giant cedar, or shinglewood. It is not a true cedar of the genus Cedrus.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]
inaturalist_900132
inat/train/09796_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Pinopsida_Pinales_Cupressaceae_Thuja_plicata/b42cd1e8-101d-4fda-9eeb-dd351e94761c.jpg
inaturalist_900132
EVQA_916434
In what type of climate do trees like this keep their leaves?
[ "warm" ]
warm
2_hop
Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:
[ "WikiWeb_Thuja plicata_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]
[ "Thuja plicata is an evergreen coniferous tree in the cypress family Cupressaceae, native to western North America. Its common name is western redcedar (western red cedar in the UK), and it is also called Pacific redcedar, giant arborvitae, western arborvitae, just cedar, giant cedar, or shinglewood. It is not a true cedar of the genus Cedrus.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]
inaturalist_223268
inat/train/09796_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Pinopsida_Pinales_Cupressaceae_Thuja_plicata/e028f78c-3342-435c-b7b7-8c33ee59746c.jpg
inaturalist_223268
EVQA_916435
What kind of efforts are being made to protect this tree from the fungus rhizosphere kalkhoffii?
[ "preventative" ]
preventative
2_hop
Obtain documents that correspond to the inquiry alongside the provided image:
[ "WikiWeb_Thuja plicata_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]
[ "Thuja plicata is an evergreen coniferous tree in the cypress family Cupressaceae, native to western North America. Its common name is western redcedar (western red cedar in the UK), and it is also called Pacific redcedar, giant arborvitae, western arborvitae, just cedar, giant cedar, or shinglewood. It is not a true cedar of the genus Cedrus.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]
inaturalist_1066554
inat/train/09796_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Pinopsida_Pinales_Cupressaceae_Thuja_plicata/7d37cdad-3e38-4aad-b584-4bfe91ca02b5.jpg
inaturalist_1066554
EVQA_916436
What kind of efforts are being made to protect this tree from the fungus rhizosphere kalkhoffii?
[ "preventative" ]
preventative
2_hop
With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:
[ "WikiWeb_Thuja plicata_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]
[ "Thuja plicata is an evergreen coniferous tree in the cypress family Cupressaceae, native to western North America. Its common name is western redcedar (western red cedar in the UK), and it is also called Pacific redcedar, giant arborvitae, western arborvitae, just cedar, giant cedar, or shinglewood. It is not a true cedar of the genus Cedrus.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]
inaturalist_14136
inat/train/09796_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Pinopsida_Pinales_Cupressaceae_Thuja_plicata/886b58ec-c75e-4d7a-be7a-0fa8b7238892.jpg
inaturalist_14136
EVQA_916437
What kind of efforts are being made to protect this tree from the fungus rhizosphere kalkhoffii?
[ "preventative" ]
preventative
2_hop
Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:
[ "WikiWeb_Thuja plicata_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]
[ "Thuja plicata is an evergreen coniferous tree in the cypress family Cupressaceae, native to western North America. Its common name is western redcedar (western red cedar in the UK), and it is also called Pacific redcedar, giant arborvitae, western arborvitae, just cedar, giant cedar, or shinglewood. It is not a true cedar of the genus Cedrus.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]
inaturalist_793526
inat/train/09796_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Pinopsida_Pinales_Cupressaceae_Thuja_plicata/845d4057-de2e-4df6-a6e3-579f8cf6cb4e.jpg
inaturalist_793526
EVQA_916438
What kind of efforts are being made to protect this tree from the fungus rhizosphere kalkhoffii?
[ "preventative" ]
preventative
2_hop
Obtain documents that correspond to the inquiry alongside the provided image:
[ "WikiWeb_Thuja plicata_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]
[ "Thuja plicata is an evergreen coniferous tree in the cypress family Cupressaceae, native to western North America. Its common name is western redcedar (western red cedar in the UK), and it is also called Pacific redcedar, giant arborvitae, western arborvitae, just cedar, giant cedar, or shinglewood. It is not a true cedar of the genus Cedrus.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]
inaturalist_199095
inat/train/09796_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Pinopsida_Pinales_Cupressaceae_Thuja_plicata/f46e9d6a-10e6-41ae-9f8e-c8afe942ef87.jpg
inaturalist_199095
EVQA_916439
What kind of efforts are being made to protect this tree from the fungus rhizosphere kalkhoffii?
[ "preventative" ]
preventative
2_hop
Obtain documents that correspond to the inquiry alongside the provided image:
[ "WikiWeb_Salvia microphylla_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_2" ]
[ "Salvia microphylla, the baby sage, Graham's sage, or blackcurrant sage, is an evergreen shrub found in the wild in southeastern Arizona and the mountains of eastern, western, and southern Mexico. It is a very complex species which easily hybridizes, resulting in numerous hybrids and cultivars brought into horticulture since the 1990s. The specific epithet microphylla, from the Greek, means \"small leaved\". In Mexico it is called mirto de montes, or \"myrtle of the mountains\".", "Japanese umbrella pine is unique in that it has its own family of which it is the only species." ]
inaturalist_1088542
inat/train/08493_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Lamiales_Lamiaceae_Salvia_microphylla/e7de1eaf-8be4-45c3-b431-b53f5a4ad4fe.jpg
inaturalist_1088542
EVQA_916440
What are the different types of the kind of shrub this plant is?
[ "families" ]
families
2_hop
Extract documents linked to the question provided in conjunction with the image:
[ "WikiWeb_Salvia microphylla_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_2" ]
[ "Salvia microphylla, the baby sage, Graham's sage, or blackcurrant sage, is an evergreen shrub found in the wild in southeastern Arizona and the mountains of eastern, western, and southern Mexico. It is a very complex species which easily hybridizes, resulting in numerous hybrids and cultivars brought into horticulture since the 1990s. The specific epithet microphylla, from the Greek, means \"small leaved\". In Mexico it is called mirto de montes, or \"myrtle of the mountains\".", "Japanese umbrella pine is unique in that it has its own family of which it is the only species." ]
inaturalist_529846
inat/train/08493_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Lamiales_Lamiaceae_Salvia_microphylla/2285f315-bcba-47f4-81ae-44313c7b986a.jpg
inaturalist_529846
EVQA_916441
What are the different types of the kind of shrub this plant is?
[ "families" ]
families
2_hop
Obtain documents that correspond to the inquiry alongside the provided image:
[ "WikiWeb_Salvia microphylla_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_2" ]
[ "Salvia microphylla, the baby sage, Graham's sage, or blackcurrant sage, is an evergreen shrub found in the wild in southeastern Arizona and the mountains of eastern, western, and southern Mexico. It is a very complex species which easily hybridizes, resulting in numerous hybrids and cultivars brought into horticulture since the 1990s. The specific epithet microphylla, from the Greek, means \"small leaved\". In Mexico it is called mirto de montes, or \"myrtle of the mountains\".", "Japanese umbrella pine is unique in that it has its own family of which it is the only species." ]
inaturalist_103731
inat/train/08493_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Lamiales_Lamiaceae_Salvia_microphylla/c429f282-082b-40aa-bbeb-825bc283c0b5.jpg
inaturalist_103731
EVQA_916442
What are the different types of the kind of shrub this plant is?
[ "families" ]
families
2_hop
Using the given image, access documents that provide insights into the following question:
[ "WikiWeb_Salvia microphylla_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_2" ]
[ "Salvia microphylla, the baby sage, Graham's sage, or blackcurrant sage, is an evergreen shrub found in the wild in southeastern Arizona and the mountains of eastern, western, and southern Mexico. It is a very complex species which easily hybridizes, resulting in numerous hybrids and cultivars brought into horticulture since the 1990s. The specific epithet microphylla, from the Greek, means \"small leaved\". In Mexico it is called mirto de montes, or \"myrtle of the mountains\".", "Japanese umbrella pine is unique in that it has its own family of which it is the only species." ]
inaturalist_265807
inat/train/08493_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Lamiales_Lamiaceae_Salvia_microphylla/89e2439b-f0a1-4800-964b-78987b83dae0.jpg
inaturalist_265807
EVQA_916443
What are the different types of the kind of shrub this plant is?
[ "families" ]
families
2_hop
With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:
[ "WikiWeb_Salvia microphylla_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_2" ]
[ "Salvia microphylla, the baby sage, Graham's sage, or blackcurrant sage, is an evergreen shrub found in the wild in southeastern Arizona and the mountains of eastern, western, and southern Mexico. It is a very complex species which easily hybridizes, resulting in numerous hybrids and cultivars brought into horticulture since the 1990s. The specific epithet microphylla, from the Greek, means \"small leaved\". In Mexico it is called mirto de montes, or \"myrtle of the mountains\".", "Japanese umbrella pine is unique in that it has its own family of which it is the only species." ]
inaturalist_328067
inat/train/08493_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Lamiales_Lamiaceae_Salvia_microphylla/6f44ecd1-65db-4c28-bb48-393a31071da6.jpg
inaturalist_328067
EVQA_916444
What are the different types of the kind of shrub this plant is?
[ "families" ]
families
2_hop
Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:
[ "WikiWeb_Genista monspessulana_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]
[ "G. monspessulana grows to 1–2.5 metres (3+1⁄2–8 feet) tall, with slender green branches. The stems are not ridged or green. The leaves are evergreen, trifoliate with three narrow obovate leaflets, 1–2 centimetres (1⁄2–3⁄4 inch) long. The flowers are yellow, grouped 3–9 together in short racemes. Like other legumes, it develops its seeds within a pod. The pods are 2–3 cm (3⁄4–1+1⁄4 in) long, tough and hard, covered all over with hairs, and are transported easily by flowing water and animals. They burst open with force, dispersing the seeds several metres. The plant begins seed production once it reaches a height of approximately 40 cm (16 in), and each plant can live for 10–20 years. One mature plant can produce 10,000 seeds per season. The generous seed production and the plant's ability to re-sprout after cutting or burning help it to invade new habitat vigorously when introduced.\nIt is related to the common broom and Spanish broom.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]
inaturalist_7670
inat/train/07961_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Fabales_Fabaceae_Genista_monspessulana/5e17e495-a0fb-4cce-8fa0-91a188f5e375.jpg
inaturalist_7670
EVQA_916445
What type of leaf litter has a lower carbon-nitrogen ratio than the leaves of this plant?
[ "deciduous leaf litter" ]
deciduous leaf litter
2_hop
With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:
[ "WikiWeb_Genista monspessulana_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]
[ "G. monspessulana grows to 1–2.5 metres (3+1⁄2–8 feet) tall, with slender green branches. The stems are not ridged or green. The leaves are evergreen, trifoliate with three narrow obovate leaflets, 1–2 centimetres (1⁄2–3⁄4 inch) long. The flowers are yellow, grouped 3–9 together in short racemes. Like other legumes, it develops its seeds within a pod. The pods are 2–3 cm (3⁄4–1+1⁄4 in) long, tough and hard, covered all over with hairs, and are transported easily by flowing water and animals. They burst open with force, dispersing the seeds several metres. The plant begins seed production once it reaches a height of approximately 40 cm (16 in), and each plant can live for 10–20 years. One mature plant can produce 10,000 seeds per season. The generous seed production and the plant's ability to re-sprout after cutting or burning help it to invade new habitat vigorously when introduced.\nIt is related to the common broom and Spanish broom.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]
inaturalist_1429265
inat/train/07961_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Fabales_Fabaceae_Genista_monspessulana/1f4bc92d-e952-4c3a-a8fe-685ca77eb047.jpg
inaturalist_1429265
EVQA_916446
What type of leaf litter has a lower carbon-nitrogen ratio than the leaves of this plant?
[ "deciduous leaf litter" ]
deciduous leaf litter
2_hop
Obtain documents that correspond to the inquiry alongside the provided image:
[ "WikiWeb_Genista monspessulana_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]
[ "G. monspessulana grows to 1–2.5 metres (3+1⁄2–8 feet) tall, with slender green branches. The stems are not ridged or green. The leaves are evergreen, trifoliate with three narrow obovate leaflets, 1–2 centimetres (1⁄2–3⁄4 inch) long. The flowers are yellow, grouped 3–9 together in short racemes. Like other legumes, it develops its seeds within a pod. The pods are 2–3 cm (3⁄4–1+1⁄4 in) long, tough and hard, covered all over with hairs, and are transported easily by flowing water and animals. They burst open with force, dispersing the seeds several metres. The plant begins seed production once it reaches a height of approximately 40 cm (16 in), and each plant can live for 10–20 years. One mature plant can produce 10,000 seeds per season. The generous seed production and the plant's ability to re-sprout after cutting or burning help it to invade new habitat vigorously when introduced.\nIt is related to the common broom and Spanish broom.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]
inaturalist_1655899
inat/train/07961_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Fabales_Fabaceae_Genista_monspessulana/b3477f65-84fa-4e14-8336-14119a7a0906.jpg
inaturalist_1655899
EVQA_916447
What type of leaf litter has a lower carbon-nitrogen ratio than the leaves of this plant?
[ "deciduous leaf litter" ]
deciduous leaf litter
2_hop
Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:
[ "WikiWeb_Genista monspessulana_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]
[ "G. monspessulana grows to 1–2.5 metres (3+1⁄2–8 feet) tall, with slender green branches. The stems are not ridged or green. The leaves are evergreen, trifoliate with three narrow obovate leaflets, 1–2 centimetres (1⁄2–3⁄4 inch) long. The flowers are yellow, grouped 3–9 together in short racemes. Like other legumes, it develops its seeds within a pod. The pods are 2–3 cm (3⁄4–1+1⁄4 in) long, tough and hard, covered all over with hairs, and are transported easily by flowing water and animals. They burst open with force, dispersing the seeds several metres. The plant begins seed production once it reaches a height of approximately 40 cm (16 in), and each plant can live for 10–20 years. One mature plant can produce 10,000 seeds per season. The generous seed production and the plant's ability to re-sprout after cutting or burning help it to invade new habitat vigorously when introduced.\nIt is related to the common broom and Spanish broom.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]
inaturalist_1458283
inat/train/07961_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Fabales_Fabaceae_Genista_monspessulana/0b5edcd8-032b-46e3-bd6a-3841e2e5d7a7.jpg
inaturalist_1458283
EVQA_916448
What type of leaf litter has a lower carbon-nitrogen ratio than the leaves of this plant?
[ "deciduous leaf litter" ]
deciduous leaf litter
2_hop
Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:
[ "WikiWeb_Genista monspessulana_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]
[ "G. monspessulana grows to 1–2.5 metres (3+1⁄2–8 feet) tall, with slender green branches. The stems are not ridged or green. The leaves are evergreen, trifoliate with three narrow obovate leaflets, 1–2 centimetres (1⁄2–3⁄4 inch) long. The flowers are yellow, grouped 3–9 together in short racemes. Like other legumes, it develops its seeds within a pod. The pods are 2–3 cm (3⁄4–1+1⁄4 in) long, tough and hard, covered all over with hairs, and are transported easily by flowing water and animals. They burst open with force, dispersing the seeds several metres. The plant begins seed production once it reaches a height of approximately 40 cm (16 in), and each plant can live for 10–20 years. One mature plant can produce 10,000 seeds per season. The generous seed production and the plant's ability to re-sprout after cutting or burning help it to invade new habitat vigorously when introduced.\nIt is related to the common broom and Spanish broom.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]
inaturalist_154339
inat/train/07961_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Fabales_Fabaceae_Genista_monspessulana/910b31ad-df1e-4fbd-a0e1-081742bd1869.jpg
inaturalist_154339
EVQA_916449
What type of leaf litter has a lower carbon-nitrogen ratio than the leaves of this plant?
[ "deciduous leaf litter" ]
deciduous leaf litter
2_hop
Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:
[ "WikiWeb_Genista monspessulana_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]
[ "G. monspessulana grows to 1–2.5 metres (3+1⁄2–8 feet) tall, with slender green branches. The stems are not ridged or green. The leaves are evergreen, trifoliate with three narrow obovate leaflets, 1–2 centimetres (1⁄2–3⁄4 inch) long. The flowers are yellow, grouped 3–9 together in short racemes. Like other legumes, it develops its seeds within a pod. The pods are 2–3 cm (3⁄4–1+1⁄4 in) long, tough and hard, covered all over with hairs, and are transported easily by flowing water and animals. They burst open with force, dispersing the seeds several metres. The plant begins seed production once it reaches a height of approximately 40 cm (16 in), and each plant can live for 10–20 years. One mature plant can produce 10,000 seeds per season. The generous seed production and the plant's ability to re-sprout after cutting or burning help it to invade new habitat vigorously when introduced.\nIt is related to the common broom and Spanish broom.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]
inaturalist_65606
inat/train/07961_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Fabales_Fabaceae_Genista_monspessulana/a66078a5-1985-4115-b6f9-eaf634ee96d7.jpg
inaturalist_65606
EVQA_916450
In what type of climate do plants with leaves like this keep their leaves?
[ "warm" ]
warm
2_hop
With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:
[ "WikiWeb_Genista monspessulana_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]
[ "G. monspessulana grows to 1–2.5 metres (3+1⁄2–8 feet) tall, with slender green branches. The stems are not ridged or green. The leaves are evergreen, trifoliate with three narrow obovate leaflets, 1–2 centimetres (1⁄2–3⁄4 inch) long. The flowers are yellow, grouped 3–9 together in short racemes. Like other legumes, it develops its seeds within a pod. The pods are 2–3 cm (3⁄4–1+1⁄4 in) long, tough and hard, covered all over with hairs, and are transported easily by flowing water and animals. They burst open with force, dispersing the seeds several metres. The plant begins seed production once it reaches a height of approximately 40 cm (16 in), and each plant can live for 10–20 years. One mature plant can produce 10,000 seeds per season. The generous seed production and the plant's ability to re-sprout after cutting or burning help it to invade new habitat vigorously when introduced.\nIt is related to the common broom and Spanish broom.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]
inaturalist_785488
inat/train/07961_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Fabales_Fabaceae_Genista_monspessulana/054446bc-d4cc-44cf-aab3-8a3e3ce20d46.jpg
inaturalist_785488
EVQA_916451
In what type of climate do plants with leaves like this keep their leaves?
[ "warm" ]
warm
2_hop
Using the given image, access documents that provide insights into the following question:
[ "WikiWeb_Genista monspessulana_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]
[ "G. monspessulana grows to 1–2.5 metres (3+1⁄2–8 feet) tall, with slender green branches. The stems are not ridged or green. The leaves are evergreen, trifoliate with three narrow obovate leaflets, 1–2 centimetres (1⁄2–3⁄4 inch) long. The flowers are yellow, grouped 3–9 together in short racemes. Like other legumes, it develops its seeds within a pod. The pods are 2–3 cm (3⁄4–1+1⁄4 in) long, tough and hard, covered all over with hairs, and are transported easily by flowing water and animals. They burst open with force, dispersing the seeds several metres. The plant begins seed production once it reaches a height of approximately 40 cm (16 in), and each plant can live for 10–20 years. One mature plant can produce 10,000 seeds per season. The generous seed production and the plant's ability to re-sprout after cutting or burning help it to invade new habitat vigorously when introduced.\nIt is related to the common broom and Spanish broom.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]
inaturalist_2163328
inat/train/07961_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Fabales_Fabaceae_Genista_monspessulana/208fc399-4db2-49a4-9653-e88fb320fe00.jpg
inaturalist_2163328
EVQA_916452
In what type of climate do plants with leaves like this keep their leaves?
[ "warm" ]
warm
2_hop
With the provided image, gather documents that offer a solution to the question:
[ "WikiWeb_Genista monspessulana_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]
[ "G. monspessulana grows to 1–2.5 metres (3+1⁄2–8 feet) tall, with slender green branches. The stems are not ridged or green. The leaves are evergreen, trifoliate with three narrow obovate leaflets, 1–2 centimetres (1⁄2–3⁄4 inch) long. The flowers are yellow, grouped 3–9 together in short racemes. Like other legumes, it develops its seeds within a pod. The pods are 2–3 cm (3⁄4–1+1⁄4 in) long, tough and hard, covered all over with hairs, and are transported easily by flowing water and animals. They burst open with force, dispersing the seeds several metres. The plant begins seed production once it reaches a height of approximately 40 cm (16 in), and each plant can live for 10–20 years. One mature plant can produce 10,000 seeds per season. The generous seed production and the plant's ability to re-sprout after cutting or burning help it to invade new habitat vigorously when introduced.\nIt is related to the common broom and Spanish broom.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]
inaturalist_596589
inat/train/07961_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Fabales_Fabaceae_Genista_monspessulana/a82d15b8-6eeb-4bab-9691-0203a2a125c3.jpg
inaturalist_596589
EVQA_916453
In what type of climate do plants with leaves like this keep their leaves?
[ "warm" ]
warm
2_hop
Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:
[ "WikiWeb_Genista monspessulana_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]
[ "G. monspessulana grows to 1–2.5 metres (3+1⁄2–8 feet) tall, with slender green branches. The stems are not ridged or green. The leaves are evergreen, trifoliate with three narrow obovate leaflets, 1–2 centimetres (1⁄2–3⁄4 inch) long. The flowers are yellow, grouped 3–9 together in short racemes. Like other legumes, it develops its seeds within a pod. The pods are 2–3 cm (3⁄4–1+1⁄4 in) long, tough and hard, covered all over with hairs, and are transported easily by flowing water and animals. They burst open with force, dispersing the seeds several metres. The plant begins seed production once it reaches a height of approximately 40 cm (16 in), and each plant can live for 10–20 years. One mature plant can produce 10,000 seeds per season. The generous seed production and the plant's ability to re-sprout after cutting or burning help it to invade new habitat vigorously when introduced.\nIt is related to the common broom and Spanish broom.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]
inaturalist_108811
inat/train/07961_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Fabales_Fabaceae_Genista_monspessulana/f927bf41-000b-45bb-8dbb-071b2503c70a.jpg
inaturalist_108811
EVQA_916454
In what type of climate do plants with leaves like this keep their leaves?
[ "warm" ]
warm
2_hop
Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:
[ "WikiWeb_Plumeria rubra_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]
[ "Its native range extends from the Baja California cape into central Mexico south through Central America to Colombia and Venezuela in South America. It is cultivated in the tropical regions of the world, and is perhaps naturalized in some parts of India.\nMore specifically, P. rubra is cultivated in the lowlands and the Yungas in Bolivia, the coastal and Andean regions of Ecuador, and the Amazonian and Andean regions of Peru, where it inhabits disturbed areas. P. rubra has been introduced into many countries and islands, including South Africa, Yemen, Chad, and Burundi. It has been found growing everywhere in Myanmar except in very cool mountainous regions. It has been introduced both in China and Pakistan and has been naturalized in the Analamanga & Betsiboka regions of Madagascar. It is native to the Department of Antioquia in Colombia, and is distributed in countries such as Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Guatemala, Mexico, El Salvador, Belize, and, Honduras, along with the West Indies. It is also widely cultivated in Panama.\nP. rubra generally inhabits hot and rocky areas with dry to moderate rainfall. They can survive in locations with prominent dry seasons, where they can flower on the bare branches, or in more humid conditions, where they can remain evergreen. It can also be found in rocky forests, mountain slopes, and even occasionally on plains or savannas. It occupies elevations of 500 to 1000 meters but can be found up to elevations of 1500 meters.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]
inaturalist_2476779
inat/train/08280_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Gentianales_Apocynaceae_Plumeria_rubra/a72c0780-422c-45a3-898d-288448180fb2.jpg
inaturalist_2476779
EVQA_916455
What kind of oak is this plant if it is grown in humid conditions?
[ "live" ]
live
2_hop
Using the provided image, obtain documents that address the subsequent question:
[ "WikiWeb_Plumeria rubra_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]
[ "Its native range extends from the Baja California cape into central Mexico south through Central America to Colombia and Venezuela in South America. It is cultivated in the tropical regions of the world, and is perhaps naturalized in some parts of India.\nMore specifically, P. rubra is cultivated in the lowlands and the Yungas in Bolivia, the coastal and Andean regions of Ecuador, and the Amazonian and Andean regions of Peru, where it inhabits disturbed areas. P. rubra has been introduced into many countries and islands, including South Africa, Yemen, Chad, and Burundi. It has been found growing everywhere in Myanmar except in very cool mountainous regions. It has been introduced both in China and Pakistan and has been naturalized in the Analamanga & Betsiboka regions of Madagascar. It is native to the Department of Antioquia in Colombia, and is distributed in countries such as Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Guatemala, Mexico, El Salvador, Belize, and, Honduras, along with the West Indies. It is also widely cultivated in Panama.\nP. rubra generally inhabits hot and rocky areas with dry to moderate rainfall. They can survive in locations with prominent dry seasons, where they can flower on the bare branches, or in more humid conditions, where they can remain evergreen. It can also be found in rocky forests, mountain slopes, and even occasionally on plains or savannas. It occupies elevations of 500 to 1000 meters but can be found up to elevations of 1500 meters.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]
inaturalist_1072861
inat/train/08280_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Gentianales_Apocynaceae_Plumeria_rubra/0c5aaeac-8111-41ee-a2eb-5f4463ce9e10.jpg
inaturalist_1072861
EVQA_916456
What kind of oak is this plant if it is grown in humid conditions?
[ "live" ]
live
2_hop
Obtain documents that correspond to the inquiry alongside the provided image:
[ "WikiWeb_Plumeria rubra_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]
[ "Its native range extends from the Baja California cape into central Mexico south through Central America to Colombia and Venezuela in South America. It is cultivated in the tropical regions of the world, and is perhaps naturalized in some parts of India.\nMore specifically, P. rubra is cultivated in the lowlands and the Yungas in Bolivia, the coastal and Andean regions of Ecuador, and the Amazonian and Andean regions of Peru, where it inhabits disturbed areas. P. rubra has been introduced into many countries and islands, including South Africa, Yemen, Chad, and Burundi. It has been found growing everywhere in Myanmar except in very cool mountainous regions. It has been introduced both in China and Pakistan and has been naturalized in the Analamanga & Betsiboka regions of Madagascar. It is native to the Department of Antioquia in Colombia, and is distributed in countries such as Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Guatemala, Mexico, El Salvador, Belize, and, Honduras, along with the West Indies. It is also widely cultivated in Panama.\nP. rubra generally inhabits hot and rocky areas with dry to moderate rainfall. They can survive in locations with prominent dry seasons, where they can flower on the bare branches, or in more humid conditions, where they can remain evergreen. It can also be found in rocky forests, mountain slopes, and even occasionally on plains or savannas. It occupies elevations of 500 to 1000 meters but can be found up to elevations of 1500 meters.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]
inaturalist_2140547
inat/train/08280_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Gentianales_Apocynaceae_Plumeria_rubra/c2577324-c36d-4847-be14-b7a1bcf370c8.jpg
inaturalist_2140547
EVQA_916457
What kind of oak is this plant if it is grown in humid conditions?
[ "live" ]
live
2_hop
Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:
[ "WikiWeb_Plumeria rubra_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]
[ "Its native range extends from the Baja California cape into central Mexico south through Central America to Colombia and Venezuela in South America. It is cultivated in the tropical regions of the world, and is perhaps naturalized in some parts of India.\nMore specifically, P. rubra is cultivated in the lowlands and the Yungas in Bolivia, the coastal and Andean regions of Ecuador, and the Amazonian and Andean regions of Peru, where it inhabits disturbed areas. P. rubra has been introduced into many countries and islands, including South Africa, Yemen, Chad, and Burundi. It has been found growing everywhere in Myanmar except in very cool mountainous regions. It has been introduced both in China and Pakistan and has been naturalized in the Analamanga & Betsiboka regions of Madagascar. It is native to the Department of Antioquia in Colombia, and is distributed in countries such as Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Guatemala, Mexico, El Salvador, Belize, and, Honduras, along with the West Indies. It is also widely cultivated in Panama.\nP. rubra generally inhabits hot and rocky areas with dry to moderate rainfall. They can survive in locations with prominent dry seasons, where they can flower on the bare branches, or in more humid conditions, where they can remain evergreen. It can also be found in rocky forests, mountain slopes, and even occasionally on plains or savannas. It occupies elevations of 500 to 1000 meters but can be found up to elevations of 1500 meters.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]
inaturalist_2534793
inat/train/08280_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Gentianales_Apocynaceae_Plumeria_rubra/53361937-f546-4081-95e0-ffa06224d1c0.jpg
inaturalist_2534793
EVQA_916458
What kind of oak is this plant if it is grown in humid conditions?
[ "live" ]
live
2_hop
Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:
[ "WikiWeb_Plumeria rubra_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]
[ "Its native range extends from the Baja California cape into central Mexico south through Central America to Colombia and Venezuela in South America. It is cultivated in the tropical regions of the world, and is perhaps naturalized in some parts of India.\nMore specifically, P. rubra is cultivated in the lowlands and the Yungas in Bolivia, the coastal and Andean regions of Ecuador, and the Amazonian and Andean regions of Peru, where it inhabits disturbed areas. P. rubra has been introduced into many countries and islands, including South Africa, Yemen, Chad, and Burundi. It has been found growing everywhere in Myanmar except in very cool mountainous regions. It has been introduced both in China and Pakistan and has been naturalized in the Analamanga & Betsiboka regions of Madagascar. It is native to the Department of Antioquia in Colombia, and is distributed in countries such as Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Guatemala, Mexico, El Salvador, Belize, and, Honduras, along with the West Indies. It is also widely cultivated in Panama.\nP. rubra generally inhabits hot and rocky areas with dry to moderate rainfall. They can survive in locations with prominent dry seasons, where they can flower on the bare branches, or in more humid conditions, where they can remain evergreen. It can also be found in rocky forests, mountain slopes, and even occasionally on plains or savannas. It occupies elevations of 500 to 1000 meters but can be found up to elevations of 1500 meters.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]
inaturalist_1581545
inat/train/08280_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Gentianales_Apocynaceae_Plumeria_rubra/a4b283d1-17e1-46dc-ba52-b0dee13a4c0e.jpg
inaturalist_1581545
EVQA_916459
What kind of oak is this plant if it is grown in humid conditions?
[ "live" ]
live
2_hop
Retrieve documents that provide an answer to the question alongside the image:
[ "WikiWeb_Gaultheria shallon_2", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]
[ "Lewis and Clark reported the local Chinook Jargon name of the omnipresent evergreen shrub to be shallon, shelwel, or shellwell, but when Scottish naturalist David Douglas arrived at Fort George in April 1825 he noted that it was not called shallon but rather salal or sallal.\nThe genus Gaultheria was named by Pehr Kalm for his guide in Canada, fellow botanist Jean François Gaultier.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]
inaturalist_1791936
inat/train/07744_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Ericales_Ericaceae_Gaultheria_shallon/178fb4b0-0030-4c86-85c2-8cbb6f375185.jpg
inaturalist_1791936
EVQA_916460
What kind of efforts are being made to protect this type of shrub from the fungus rhizosphere kalkhoffii?
[ "preventative" ]
preventative
2_hop
Utilizing the given image, obtain documents that respond to the following question:
[ "WikiWeb_Gaultheria shallon_2", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]
[ "Lewis and Clark reported the local Chinook Jargon name of the omnipresent evergreen shrub to be shallon, shelwel, or shellwell, but when Scottish naturalist David Douglas arrived at Fort George in April 1825 he noted that it was not called shallon but rather salal or sallal.\nThe genus Gaultheria was named by Pehr Kalm for his guide in Canada, fellow botanist Jean François Gaultier.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]
inaturalist_1186467
inat/train/07744_Plantae_Tracheophyta_Magnoliopsida_Ericales_Ericaceae_Gaultheria_shallon/87f295e2-2bb0-430a-8901-00b8775ea67f.jpg
inaturalist_1186467
EVQA_916461
What kind of efforts are being made to protect this type of shrub from the fungus rhizosphere kalkhoffii?
[ "preventative" ]
preventative
2_hop
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