Datasets:

Jingbiao

/

aravqa

like 0

[ "WikiWeb_Olneya tesota_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "The desert ironwood grows as a bush or tree, reaching heights of about 10 metres (33 feet) and average trunk diameters of about 60 centimetres (24 inches). Exceptionally, in larger protected washes it can reach greater height and a more massive trunk.\nIn younger trees, the bark is gray, shiny, and smooth; in older trees the bark is broken open. The tree is evergreen, but can lose its leaves if temperatures fall below 2 °C (36 °F). In continual drought conditions the leaves will be lost.\nThe leaves are bluish-green and pinnately compound. They are arranged on a petiole, 15 cm (6 in) long, with 6–9 leaflets (or variously up to 15, with 7 opposite and one terminal), each measuring 0.7 to 2.5 cm (1⁄4 to 1 in). At the base of each pinnate leaf petiole grow two thorns, each about 1 cm (3⁄8 in) long.\nBloom time occurs in late April/May to June. Flowers are of 5 unequal petals, in colors of medium purple, magenta-red, or white to pale pink. Seedpods are 5–8 cm (2–3 in) long and light reddish brown when seedpods have ripened.\nTwo other species, Parkinsonia florida (blue palo verde) and Acacia constricta (catclaw acacia), have similar light red/brownish seedpods. Catclaw acacia's seedpods are shorter and J-shaped.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "protect" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Olneya tesota_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "The desert ironwood grows as a bush or tree, reaching heights of about 10 metres (33 feet) and average trunk diameters of about 60 centimetres (24 inches). Exceptionally, in larger protected washes it can reach greater height and a more massive trunk.\nIn younger trees, the bark is gray, shiny, and smooth; in older trees the bark is broken open. The tree is evergreen, but can lose its leaves if temperatures fall below 2 °C (36 °F). In continual drought conditions the leaves will be lost.\nThe leaves are bluish-green and pinnately compound. They are arranged on a petiole, 15 cm (6 in) long, with 6–9 leaflets (or variously up to 15, with 7 opposite and one terminal), each measuring 0.7 to 2.5 cm (1⁄4 to 1 in). At the base of each pinnate leaf petiole grow two thorns, each about 1 cm (3⁄8 in) long.\nBloom time occurs in late April/May to June. Flowers are of 5 unequal petals, in colors of medium purple, magenta-red, or white to pale pink. Seedpods are 5–8 cm (2–3 in) long and light reddish brown when seedpods have ripened.\nTwo other species, Parkinsonia florida (blue palo verde) and Acacia constricta (catclaw acacia), have similar light red/brownish seedpods. Catclaw acacia's seedpods are shorter and J-shaped.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "protect" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Olneya tesota_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "The desert ironwood grows as a bush or tree, reaching heights of about 10 metres (33 feet) and average trunk diameters of about 60 centimetres (24 inches). Exceptionally, in larger protected washes it can reach greater height and a more massive trunk.\nIn younger trees, the bark is gray, shiny, and smooth; in older trees the bark is broken open. The tree is evergreen, but can lose its leaves if temperatures fall below 2 °C (36 °F). In continual drought conditions the leaves will be lost.\nThe leaves are bluish-green and pinnately compound. They are arranged on a petiole, 15 cm (6 in) long, with 6–9 leaflets (or variously up to 15, with 7 opposite and one terminal), each measuring 0.7 to 2.5 cm (1⁄4 to 1 in). At the base of each pinnate leaf petiole grow two thorns, each about 1 cm (3⁄8 in) long.\nBloom time occurs in late April/May to June. Flowers are of 5 unequal petals, in colors of medium purple, magenta-red, or white to pale pink. Seedpods are 5–8 cm (2–3 in) long and light reddish brown when seedpods have ripened.\nTwo other species, Parkinsonia florida (blue palo verde) and Acacia constricta (catclaw acacia), have similar light red/brownish seedpods. Catclaw acacia's seedpods are shorter and J-shaped.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "protect" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Olneya tesota_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "The desert ironwood grows as a bush or tree, reaching heights of about 10 metres (33 feet) and average trunk diameters of about 60 centimetres (24 inches). Exceptionally, in larger protected washes it can reach greater height and a more massive trunk.\nIn younger trees, the bark is gray, shiny, and smooth; in older trees the bark is broken open. The tree is evergreen, but can lose its leaves if temperatures fall below 2 °C (36 °F). In continual drought conditions the leaves will be lost.\nThe leaves are bluish-green and pinnately compound. They are arranged on a petiole, 15 cm (6 in) long, with 6–9 leaflets (or variously up to 15, with 7 opposite and one terminal), each measuring 0.7 to 2.5 cm (1⁄4 to 1 in). At the base of each pinnate leaf petiole grow two thorns, each about 1 cm (3⁄8 in) long.\nBloom time occurs in late April/May to June. Flowers are of 5 unequal petals, in colors of medium purple, magenta-red, or white to pale pink. Seedpods are 5–8 cm (2–3 in) long and light reddish brown when seedpods have ripened.\nTwo other species, Parkinsonia florida (blue palo verde) and Acacia constricta (catclaw acacia), have similar light red/brownish seedpods. Catclaw acacia's seedpods are shorter and J-shaped.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "protect" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Olneya tesota_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "The desert ironwood grows as a bush or tree, reaching heights of about 10 metres (33 feet) and average trunk diameters of about 60 centimetres (24 inches). Exceptionally, in larger protected washes it can reach greater height and a more massive trunk.\nIn younger trees, the bark is gray, shiny, and smooth; in older trees the bark is broken open. The tree is evergreen, but can lose its leaves if temperatures fall below 2 °C (36 °F). In continual drought conditions the leaves will be lost.\nThe leaves are bluish-green and pinnately compound. They are arranged on a petiole, 15 cm (6 in) long, with 6–9 leaflets (or variously up to 15, with 7 opposite and one terminal), each measuring 0.7 to 2.5 cm (1⁄4 to 1 in). At the base of each pinnate leaf petiole grow two thorns, each about 1 cm (3⁄8 in) long.\nBloom time occurs in late April/May to June. Flowers are of 5 unequal petals, in colors of medium purple, magenta-red, or white to pale pink. Seedpods are 5–8 cm (2–3 in) long and light reddish brown when seedpods have ripened.\nTwo other species, Parkinsonia florida (blue palo verde) and Acacia constricta (catclaw acacia), have similar light red/brownish seedpods. Catclaw acacia's seedpods are shorter and J-shaped.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "protect" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Olneya tesota_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "The desert ironwood grows as a bush or tree, reaching heights of about 10 metres (33 feet) and average trunk diameters of about 60 centimetres (24 inches). Exceptionally, in larger protected washes it can reach greater height and a more massive trunk.\nIn younger trees, the bark is gray, shiny, and smooth; in older trees the bark is broken open. The tree is evergreen, but can lose its leaves if temperatures fall below 2 °C (36 °F). In continual drought conditions the leaves will be lost.\nThe leaves are bluish-green and pinnately compound. They are arranged on a petiole, 15 cm (6 in) long, with 6–9 leaflets (or variously up to 15, with 7 opposite and one terminal), each measuring 0.7 to 2.5 cm (1⁄4 to 1 in). At the base of each pinnate leaf petiole grow two thorns, each about 1 cm (3⁄8 in) long.\nBloom time occurs in late April/May to June. Flowers are of 5 unequal petals, in colors of medium purple, magenta-red, or white to pale pink. Seedpods are 5–8 cm (2–3 in) long and light reddish brown when seedpods have ripened.\nTwo other species, Parkinsonia florida (blue palo verde) and Acacia constricta (catclaw acacia), have similar light red/brownish seedpods. Catclaw acacia's seedpods are shorter and J-shaped.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Olneya tesota_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "The desert ironwood grows as a bush or tree, reaching heights of about 10 metres (33 feet) and average trunk diameters of about 60 centimetres (24 inches). Exceptionally, in larger protected washes it can reach greater height and a more massive trunk.\nIn younger trees, the bark is gray, shiny, and smooth; in older trees the bark is broken open. The tree is evergreen, but can lose its leaves if temperatures fall below 2 °C (36 °F). In continual drought conditions the leaves will be lost.\nThe leaves are bluish-green and pinnately compound. They are arranged on a petiole, 15 cm (6 in) long, with 6–9 leaflets (or variously up to 15, with 7 opposite and one terminal), each measuring 0.7 to 2.5 cm (1⁄4 to 1 in). At the base of each pinnate leaf petiole grow two thorns, each about 1 cm (3⁄8 in) long.\nBloom time occurs in late April/May to June. Flowers are of 5 unequal petals, in colors of medium purple, magenta-red, or white to pale pink. Seedpods are 5–8 cm (2–3 in) long and light reddish brown when seedpods have ripened.\nTwo other species, Parkinsonia florida (blue palo verde) and Acacia constricta (catclaw acacia), have similar light red/brownish seedpods. Catclaw acacia's seedpods are shorter and J-shaped.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Olneya tesota_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "The desert ironwood grows as a bush or tree, reaching heights of about 10 metres (33 feet) and average trunk diameters of about 60 centimetres (24 inches). Exceptionally, in larger protected washes it can reach greater height and a more massive trunk.\nIn younger trees, the bark is gray, shiny, and smooth; in older trees the bark is broken open. The tree is evergreen, but can lose its leaves if temperatures fall below 2 °C (36 °F). In continual drought conditions the leaves will be lost.\nThe leaves are bluish-green and pinnately compound. They are arranged on a petiole, 15 cm (6 in) long, with 6–9 leaflets (or variously up to 15, with 7 opposite and one terminal), each measuring 0.7 to 2.5 cm (1⁄4 to 1 in). At the base of each pinnate leaf petiole grow two thorns, each about 1 cm (3⁄8 in) long.\nBloom time occurs in late April/May to June. Flowers are of 5 unequal petals, in colors of medium purple, magenta-red, or white to pale pink. Seedpods are 5–8 cm (2–3 in) long and light reddish brown when seedpods have ripened.\nTwo other species, Parkinsonia florida (blue palo verde) and Acacia constricta (catclaw acacia), have similar light red/brownish seedpods. Catclaw acacia's seedpods are shorter and J-shaped.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Olneya tesota_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "The desert ironwood grows as a bush or tree, reaching heights of about 10 metres (33 feet) and average trunk diameters of about 60 centimetres (24 inches). Exceptionally, in larger protected washes it can reach greater height and a more massive trunk.\nIn younger trees, the bark is gray, shiny, and smooth; in older trees the bark is broken open. The tree is evergreen, but can lose its leaves if temperatures fall below 2 °C (36 °F). In continual drought conditions the leaves will be lost.\nThe leaves are bluish-green and pinnately compound. They are arranged on a petiole, 15 cm (6 in) long, with 6–9 leaflets (or variously up to 15, with 7 opposite and one terminal), each measuring 0.7 to 2.5 cm (1⁄4 to 1 in). At the base of each pinnate leaf petiole grow two thorns, each about 1 cm (3⁄8 in) long.\nBloom time occurs in late April/May to June. Flowers are of 5 unequal petals, in colors of medium purple, magenta-red, or white to pale pink. Seedpods are 5–8 cm (2–3 in) long and light reddish brown when seedpods have ripened.\nTwo other species, Parkinsonia florida (blue palo verde) and Acacia constricta (catclaw acacia), have similar light red/brownish seedpods. Catclaw acacia's seedpods are shorter and J-shaped.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Olneya tesota_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "The desert ironwood grows as a bush or tree, reaching heights of about 10 metres (33 feet) and average trunk diameters of about 60 centimetres (24 inches). Exceptionally, in larger protected washes it can reach greater height and a more massive trunk.\nIn younger trees, the bark is gray, shiny, and smooth; in older trees the bark is broken open. The tree is evergreen, but can lose its leaves if temperatures fall below 2 °C (36 °F). In continual drought conditions the leaves will be lost.\nThe leaves are bluish-green and pinnately compound. They are arranged on a petiole, 15 cm (6 in) long, with 6–9 leaflets (or variously up to 15, with 7 opposite and one terminal), each measuring 0.7 to 2.5 cm (1⁄4 to 1 in). At the base of each pinnate leaf petiole grow two thorns, each about 1 cm (3⁄8 in) long.\nBloom time occurs in late April/May to June. Flowers are of 5 unequal petals, in colors of medium purple, magenta-red, or white to pale pink. Seedpods are 5–8 cm (2–3 in) long and light reddish brown when seedpods have ripened.\nTwo other species, Parkinsonia florida (blue palo verde) and Acacia constricta (catclaw acacia), have similar light red/brownish seedpods. Catclaw acacia's seedpods are shorter and J-shaped.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Pistacia lentiscus_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "The plant is evergreen, from 1 to 5 m high, with a strong smell of resin, growing in dry and rocky areas in North Africa and Mediterranean Europe. It resists mild to heavy frosts but prefers milder winters and grows on all types of soils, and can grow well in limestone areas and even in salty or saline environments, making it more abundant near the sea. It is also found in woodlands, dehesas (almost deforested pasture areas), Kermes oak woods, wooded areas dominated by other oaks, garrigues, maquis shrublands, hills, gorges, canyons, and rocky hillsides of the entire Mediterranean area. It is a typical species of Mediterranean mixed communities which include myrtle, Kermes oak, Mediterranean dwarf palm, buckthorn and sarsaparilla, and serves as protection and food for birds and other fauna in this ecosystem. It is a very hardy pioneer species dispersed by birds. When older, it develops some large trunks and numerous thicker and longer branches. In appropriate areas, when allowed to grow freely and age, it often becomes a tree of up to 7 m. However, logging, grazing, and fires often prevent its development.\nThe leaves are alternate, leathery, and compound paripinnate (no terminal leaflet) with five or six pairs of deep-green leaflets. It presents very small flowers, the male with five stamens, the female with a 3-part style. The fruit is a drupe, first red and then black when ripe, about 4 mm in diameter. The fruit, although not commonly consumed, is edible and has a tart raisin-like flavour.\nPistacia lentiscus is related to Pistacia terebinthus, with which it hybridizes frequently in contact zones. Pistacia terebinthus is more abundant in the mountains and inland and the mastic is usually found more frequently in areas where the Mediterranean influence of the sea moderates the climate. The mastic tree does not reach the size of the Pistacia terebinthus, but the hybrids are very difficult to distinguish. The mastic has winged stalks to its leaflets, i.e., the stalks are flattened and with side fins, whereas these stems in Pistacia terebinthus are simple. On the west coast of the Mediterranean, Canary Islands and Middle East, it can be confused with P. atlantica.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "preventative" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Pistacia lentiscus_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "The plant is evergreen, from 1 to 5 m high, with a strong smell of resin, growing in dry and rocky areas in North Africa and Mediterranean Europe. It resists mild to heavy frosts but prefers milder winters and grows on all types of soils, and can grow well in limestone areas and even in salty or saline environments, making it more abundant near the sea. It is also found in woodlands, dehesas (almost deforested pasture areas), Kermes oak woods, wooded areas dominated by other oaks, garrigues, maquis shrublands, hills, gorges, canyons, and rocky hillsides of the entire Mediterranean area. It is a typical species of Mediterranean mixed communities which include myrtle, Kermes oak, Mediterranean dwarf palm, buckthorn and sarsaparilla, and serves as protection and food for birds and other fauna in this ecosystem. It is a very hardy pioneer species dispersed by birds. When older, it develops some large trunks and numerous thicker and longer branches. In appropriate areas, when allowed to grow freely and age, it often becomes a tree of up to 7 m. However, logging, grazing, and fires often prevent its development.\nThe leaves are alternate, leathery, and compound paripinnate (no terminal leaflet) with five or six pairs of deep-green leaflets. It presents very small flowers, the male with five stamens, the female with a 3-part style. The fruit is a drupe, first red and then black when ripe, about 4 mm in diameter. The fruit, although not commonly consumed, is edible and has a tart raisin-like flavour.\nPistacia lentiscus is related to Pistacia terebinthus, with which it hybridizes frequently in contact zones. Pistacia terebinthus is more abundant in the mountains and inland and the mastic is usually found more frequently in areas where the Mediterranean influence of the sea moderates the climate. The mastic tree does not reach the size of the Pistacia terebinthus, but the hybrids are very difficult to distinguish. The mastic has winged stalks to its leaflets, i.e., the stalks are flattened and with side fins, whereas these stems in Pistacia terebinthus are simple. On the west coast of the Mediterranean, Canary Islands and Middle East, it can be confused with P. atlantica.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "preventative" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Pistacia lentiscus_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "The plant is evergreen, from 1 to 5 m high, with a strong smell of resin, growing in dry and rocky areas in North Africa and Mediterranean Europe. It resists mild to heavy frosts but prefers milder winters and grows on all types of soils, and can grow well in limestone areas and even in salty or saline environments, making it more abundant near the sea. It is also found in woodlands, dehesas (almost deforested pasture areas), Kermes oak woods, wooded areas dominated by other oaks, garrigues, maquis shrublands, hills, gorges, canyons, and rocky hillsides of the entire Mediterranean area. It is a typical species of Mediterranean mixed communities which include myrtle, Kermes oak, Mediterranean dwarf palm, buckthorn and sarsaparilla, and serves as protection and food for birds and other fauna in this ecosystem. It is a very hardy pioneer species dispersed by birds. When older, it develops some large trunks and numerous thicker and longer branches. In appropriate areas, when allowed to grow freely and age, it often becomes a tree of up to 7 m. However, logging, grazing, and fires often prevent its development.\nThe leaves are alternate, leathery, and compound paripinnate (no terminal leaflet) with five or six pairs of deep-green leaflets. It presents very small flowers, the male with five stamens, the female with a 3-part style. The fruit is a drupe, first red and then black when ripe, about 4 mm in diameter. The fruit, although not commonly consumed, is edible and has a tart raisin-like flavour.\nPistacia lentiscus is related to Pistacia terebinthus, with which it hybridizes frequently in contact zones. Pistacia terebinthus is more abundant in the mountains and inland and the mastic is usually found more frequently in areas where the Mediterranean influence of the sea moderates the climate. The mastic tree does not reach the size of the Pistacia terebinthus, but the hybrids are very difficult to distinguish. The mastic has winged stalks to its leaflets, i.e., the stalks are flattened and with side fins, whereas these stems in Pistacia terebinthus are simple. On the west coast of the Mediterranean, Canary Islands and Middle East, it can be confused with P. atlantica.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "preventative" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Pistacia lentiscus_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "The plant is evergreen, from 1 to 5 m high, with a strong smell of resin, growing in dry and rocky areas in North Africa and Mediterranean Europe. It resists mild to heavy frosts but prefers milder winters and grows on all types of soils, and can grow well in limestone areas and even in salty or saline environments, making it more abundant near the sea. It is also found in woodlands, dehesas (almost deforested pasture areas), Kermes oak woods, wooded areas dominated by other oaks, garrigues, maquis shrublands, hills, gorges, canyons, and rocky hillsides of the entire Mediterranean area. It is a typical species of Mediterranean mixed communities which include myrtle, Kermes oak, Mediterranean dwarf palm, buckthorn and sarsaparilla, and serves as protection and food for birds and other fauna in this ecosystem. It is a very hardy pioneer species dispersed by birds. When older, it develops some large trunks and numerous thicker and longer branches. In appropriate areas, when allowed to grow freely and age, it often becomes a tree of up to 7 m. However, logging, grazing, and fires often prevent its development.\nThe leaves are alternate, leathery, and compound paripinnate (no terminal leaflet) with five or six pairs of deep-green leaflets. It presents very small flowers, the male with five stamens, the female with a 3-part style. The fruit is a drupe, first red and then black when ripe, about 4 mm in diameter. The fruit, although not commonly consumed, is edible and has a tart raisin-like flavour.\nPistacia lentiscus is related to Pistacia terebinthus, with which it hybridizes frequently in contact zones. Pistacia terebinthus is more abundant in the mountains and inland and the mastic is usually found more frequently in areas where the Mediterranean influence of the sea moderates the climate. The mastic tree does not reach the size of the Pistacia terebinthus, but the hybrids are very difficult to distinguish. The mastic has winged stalks to its leaflets, i.e., the stalks are flattened and with side fins, whereas these stems in Pistacia terebinthus are simple. On the west coast of the Mediterranean, Canary Islands and Middle East, it can be confused with P. atlantica.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "preventative" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Pistacia lentiscus_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "The plant is evergreen, from 1 to 5 m high, with a strong smell of resin, growing in dry and rocky areas in North Africa and Mediterranean Europe. It resists mild to heavy frosts but prefers milder winters and grows on all types of soils, and can grow well in limestone areas and even in salty or saline environments, making it more abundant near the sea. It is also found in woodlands, dehesas (almost deforested pasture areas), Kermes oak woods, wooded areas dominated by other oaks, garrigues, maquis shrublands, hills, gorges, canyons, and rocky hillsides of the entire Mediterranean area. It is a typical species of Mediterranean mixed communities which include myrtle, Kermes oak, Mediterranean dwarf palm, buckthorn and sarsaparilla, and serves as protection and food for birds and other fauna in this ecosystem. It is a very hardy pioneer species dispersed by birds. When older, it develops some large trunks and numerous thicker and longer branches. In appropriate areas, when allowed to grow freely and age, it often becomes a tree of up to 7 m. However, logging, grazing, and fires often prevent its development.\nThe leaves are alternate, leathery, and compound paripinnate (no terminal leaflet) with five or six pairs of deep-green leaflets. It presents very small flowers, the male with five stamens, the female with a 3-part style. The fruit is a drupe, first red and then black when ripe, about 4 mm in diameter. The fruit, although not commonly consumed, is edible and has a tart raisin-like flavour.\nPistacia lentiscus is related to Pistacia terebinthus, with which it hybridizes frequently in contact zones. Pistacia terebinthus is more abundant in the mountains and inland and the mastic is usually found more frequently in areas where the Mediterranean influence of the sea moderates the climate. The mastic tree does not reach the size of the Pistacia terebinthus, but the hybrids are very difficult to distinguish. The mastic has winged stalks to its leaflets, i.e., the stalks are flattened and with side fins, whereas these stems in Pistacia terebinthus are simple. On the west coast of the Mediterranean, Canary Islands and Middle East, it can be confused with P. atlantica.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "preventative" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Rhamnus alaternus_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Rhamnus alaternus is a species of flowering plant in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae, known by the common names Italian buckthorn or Mediterranean buckthorn. It is a hardy medium-sized evergreen shrub with fragrant flowers.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Rhamnus alaternus_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Rhamnus alaternus is a species of flowering plant in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae, known by the common names Italian buckthorn or Mediterranean buckthorn. It is a hardy medium-sized evergreen shrub with fragrant flowers.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Rhamnus alaternus_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Rhamnus alaternus is a species of flowering plant in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae, known by the common names Italian buckthorn or Mediterranean buckthorn. It is a hardy medium-sized evergreen shrub with fragrant flowers.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Rhamnus alaternus_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Rhamnus alaternus is a species of flowering plant in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae, known by the common names Italian buckthorn or Mediterranean buckthorn. It is a hardy medium-sized evergreen shrub with fragrant flowers.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Rhamnus alaternus_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Rhamnus alaternus is a species of flowering plant in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae, known by the common names Italian buckthorn or Mediterranean buckthorn. It is a hardy medium-sized evergreen shrub with fragrant flowers.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Galax urceolata_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "It is an evergreen herbaceous perennial plant growing to 30–45 cm (rarely 75 cm) tall, with a rosette of leathery leaves, which turn brown during winter. The leaves are a rounded cardioid (heart) shape, 2.5–7.5 cm diameter, rarely up to 15 cm, with a serrated margin with rounded \"teeth\". The flowers are produced in late spring to early summer, white in color and on a single spike-like raceme 15–25 cm long on top of a 20–50 cm tall stem. Each individual flower has five petals, and is up to 4 mm (5⁄32 in) in diameter. The fruit is a small capsule containing numerous seeds.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Galax urceolata_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "It is an evergreen herbaceous perennial plant growing to 30–45 cm (rarely 75 cm) tall, with a rosette of leathery leaves, which turn brown during winter. The leaves are a rounded cardioid (heart) shape, 2.5–7.5 cm diameter, rarely up to 15 cm, with a serrated margin with rounded \"teeth\". The flowers are produced in late spring to early summer, white in color and on a single spike-like raceme 15–25 cm long on top of a 20–50 cm tall stem. Each individual flower has five petals, and is up to 4 mm (5⁄32 in) in diameter. The fruit is a small capsule containing numerous seeds.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Galax urceolata_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "It is an evergreen herbaceous perennial plant growing to 30–45 cm (rarely 75 cm) tall, with a rosette of leathery leaves, which turn brown during winter. The leaves are a rounded cardioid (heart) shape, 2.5–7.5 cm diameter, rarely up to 15 cm, with a serrated margin with rounded \"teeth\". The flowers are produced in late spring to early summer, white in color and on a single spike-like raceme 15–25 cm long on top of a 20–50 cm tall stem. Each individual flower has five petals, and is up to 4 mm (5⁄32 in) in diameter. The fruit is a small capsule containing numerous seeds.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Galax urceolata_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "It is an evergreen herbaceous perennial plant growing to 30–45 cm (rarely 75 cm) tall, with a rosette of leathery leaves, which turn brown during winter. The leaves are a rounded cardioid (heart) shape, 2.5–7.5 cm diameter, rarely up to 15 cm, with a serrated margin with rounded \"teeth\". The flowers are produced in late spring to early summer, white in color and on a single spike-like raceme 15–25 cm long on top of a 20–50 cm tall stem. Each individual flower has five petals, and is up to 4 mm (5⁄32 in) in diameter. The fruit is a small capsule containing numerous seeds.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Galax urceolata_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "It is an evergreen herbaceous perennial plant growing to 30–45 cm (rarely 75 cm) tall, with a rosette of leathery leaves, which turn brown during winter. The leaves are a rounded cardioid (heart) shape, 2.5–7.5 cm diameter, rarely up to 15 cm, with a serrated margin with rounded \"teeth\". The flowers are produced in late spring to early summer, white in color and on a single spike-like raceme 15–25 cm long on top of a 20–50 cm tall stem. Each individual flower has five petals, and is up to 4 mm (5⁄32 in) in diameter. The fruit is a small capsule containing numerous seeds.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Kalmia procumbens_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Individuals of this species are shrubs grown for two to five rose-pink flowers. Its leaves are opposite and its evergreen leaves are leathery blades to 8mm long and have incised margin. Edges are rolled under green on the top and white with dense short hairs underneath.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Kalmia procumbens_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Individuals of this species are shrubs grown for two to five rose-pink flowers. Its leaves are opposite and its evergreen leaves are leathery blades to 8mm long and have incised margin. Edges are rolled under green on the top and white with dense short hairs underneath.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Kalmia procumbens_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Individuals of this species are shrubs grown for two to five rose-pink flowers. Its leaves are opposite and its evergreen leaves are leathery blades to 8mm long and have incised margin. Edges are rolled under green on the top and white with dense short hairs underneath.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Kalmia procumbens_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Individuals of this species are shrubs grown for two to five rose-pink flowers. Its leaves are opposite and its evergreen leaves are leathery blades to 8mm long and have incised margin. Edges are rolled under green on the top and white with dense short hairs underneath.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Kalmia procumbens_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Individuals of this species are shrubs grown for two to five rose-pink flowers. Its leaves are opposite and its evergreen leaves are leathery blades to 8mm long and have incised margin. Edges are rolled under green on the top and white with dense short hairs underneath.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Kalmia procumbens_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]

[ "Individuals of this species are shrubs grown for two to five rose-pink flowers. Its leaves are opposite and its evergreen leaves are leathery blades to 8mm long and have incised margin. Edges are rolled under green on the top and white with dense short hairs underneath.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]

[ "gradually" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Kalmia procumbens_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]

[ "Individuals of this species are shrubs grown for two to five rose-pink flowers. Its leaves are opposite and its evergreen leaves are leathery blades to 8mm long and have incised margin. Edges are rolled under green on the top and white with dense short hairs underneath.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]

[ "gradually" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Kalmia procumbens_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]

[ "Individuals of this species are shrubs grown for two to five rose-pink flowers. Its leaves are opposite and its evergreen leaves are leathery blades to 8mm long and have incised margin. Edges are rolled under green on the top and white with dense short hairs underneath.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]

[ "gradually" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Kalmia procumbens_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]

[ "Individuals of this species are shrubs grown for two to five rose-pink flowers. Its leaves are opposite and its evergreen leaves are leathery blades to 8mm long and have incised margin. Edges are rolled under green on the top and white with dense short hairs underneath.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]

[ "gradually" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Kalmia procumbens_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]

[ "Individuals of this species are shrubs grown for two to five rose-pink flowers. Its leaves are opposite and its evergreen leaves are leathery blades to 8mm long and have incised margin. Edges are rolled under green on the top and white with dense short hairs underneath.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]

[ "gradually" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Saxifraga aizoides_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]

[ "Saxifraga aizoides is an evergreen perennial which branches at or below ground level, and grows to 2–10 centimetres (0.79–3.94 in). It spreads by short rhizomes, forming mats of small colonies.\nThe flowers, with five sepals and petals, are yellow—green.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]

[ "deciduous leaf litter" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Saxifraga aizoides_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]

[ "Saxifraga aizoides is an evergreen perennial which branches at or below ground level, and grows to 2–10 centimetres (0.79–3.94 in). It spreads by short rhizomes, forming mats of small colonies.\nThe flowers, with five sepals and petals, are yellow—green.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]

[ "deciduous leaf litter" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Saxifraga aizoides_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]

[ "Saxifraga aizoides is an evergreen perennial which branches at or below ground level, and grows to 2–10 centimetres (0.79–3.94 in). It spreads by short rhizomes, forming mats of small colonies.\nThe flowers, with five sepals and petals, are yellow—green.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]

[ "deciduous leaf litter" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Saxifraga aizoides_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]

[ "Saxifraga aizoides is an evergreen perennial which branches at or below ground level, and grows to 2–10 centimetres (0.79–3.94 in). It spreads by short rhizomes, forming mats of small colonies.\nThe flowers, with five sepals and petals, are yellow—green.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]

[ "deciduous leaf litter" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Saxifraga aizoides_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]

[ "Saxifraga aizoides is an evergreen perennial which branches at or below ground level, and grows to 2–10 centimetres (0.79–3.94 in). It spreads by short rhizomes, forming mats of small colonies.\nThe flowers, with five sepals and petals, are yellow—green.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]

[ "deciduous leaf litter" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Saxifraga aizoides_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Saxifraga aizoides is an evergreen perennial which branches at or below ground level, and grows to 2–10 centimetres (0.79–3.94 in). It spreads by short rhizomes, forming mats of small colonies.\nThe flowers, with five sepals and petals, are yellow—green.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "the great basin bristlecone pine" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Saxifraga aizoides_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Saxifraga aizoides is an evergreen perennial which branches at or below ground level, and grows to 2–10 centimetres (0.79–3.94 in). It spreads by short rhizomes, forming mats of small colonies.\nThe flowers, with five sepals and petals, are yellow—green.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "the great basin bristlecone pine" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Saxifraga aizoides_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Saxifraga aizoides is an evergreen perennial which branches at or below ground level, and grows to 2–10 centimetres (0.79–3.94 in). It spreads by short rhizomes, forming mats of small colonies.\nThe flowers, with five sepals and petals, are yellow—green.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "the great basin bristlecone pine" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Saxifraga aizoides_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Saxifraga aizoides is an evergreen perennial which branches at or below ground level, and grows to 2–10 centimetres (0.79–3.94 in). It spreads by short rhizomes, forming mats of small colonies.\nThe flowers, with five sepals and petals, are yellow—green.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "the great basin bristlecone pine" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Saxifraga aizoides_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Saxifraga aizoides is an evergreen perennial which branches at or below ground level, and grows to 2–10 centimetres (0.79–3.94 in). It spreads by short rhizomes, forming mats of small colonies.\nThe flowers, with five sepals and petals, are yellow—green.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "the great basin bristlecone pine" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Ceanothus spinosus_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Leaves have a single main vein rising from the leaf base. The thick, firm evergreen leaves are hairless, oval, and up to an inch wide, with smooth margins.\nThe bark is smooth and olive green, giving rise to its common name. The stem is a rough-barked trunk near the base. Branches are stiff and sharp, or spiny, at the tips. \"Ceanothus\" means \"spiny plant\" in Greek, and the species name, \"spinosus\", means that it is even more spiny.\nThe stipules (small leaf-like structures at the base of the leaf stem) are thin and fall off early.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Ceanothus spinosus_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Leaves have a single main vein rising from the leaf base. The thick, firm evergreen leaves are hairless, oval, and up to an inch wide, with smooth margins.\nThe bark is smooth and olive green, giving rise to its common name. The stem is a rough-barked trunk near the base. Branches are stiff and sharp, or spiny, at the tips. \"Ceanothus\" means \"spiny plant\" in Greek, and the species name, \"spinosus\", means that it is even more spiny.\nThe stipules (small leaf-like structures at the base of the leaf stem) are thin and fall off early.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Ceanothus spinosus_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Leaves have a single main vein rising from the leaf base. The thick, firm evergreen leaves are hairless, oval, and up to an inch wide, with smooth margins.\nThe bark is smooth and olive green, giving rise to its common name. The stem is a rough-barked trunk near the base. Branches are stiff and sharp, or spiny, at the tips. \"Ceanothus\" means \"spiny plant\" in Greek, and the species name, \"spinosus\", means that it is even more spiny.\nThe stipules (small leaf-like structures at the base of the leaf stem) are thin and fall off early.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Ceanothus spinosus_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Leaves have a single main vein rising from the leaf base. The thick, firm evergreen leaves are hairless, oval, and up to an inch wide, with smooth margins.\nThe bark is smooth and olive green, giving rise to its common name. The stem is a rough-barked trunk near the base. Branches are stiff and sharp, or spiny, at the tips. \"Ceanothus\" means \"spiny plant\" in Greek, and the species name, \"spinosus\", means that it is even more spiny.\nThe stipules (small leaf-like structures at the base of the leaf stem) are thin and fall off early.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Ceanothus spinosus_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Leaves have a single main vein rising from the leaf base. The thick, firm evergreen leaves are hairless, oval, and up to an inch wide, with smooth margins.\nThe bark is smooth and olive green, giving rise to its common name. The stem is a rough-barked trunk near the base. Branches are stiff and sharp, or spiny, at the tips. \"Ceanothus\" means \"spiny plant\" in Greek, and the species name, \"spinosus\", means that it is even more spiny.\nThe stipules (small leaf-like structures at the base of the leaf stem) are thin and fall off early.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Ceanothus spinosus_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "Leaves have a single main vein rising from the leaf base. The thick, firm evergreen leaves are hairless, oval, and up to an inch wide, with smooth margins.\nThe bark is smooth and olive green, giving rise to its common name. The stem is a rough-barked trunk near the base. Branches are stiff and sharp, or spiny, at the tips. \"Ceanothus\" means \"spiny plant\" in Greek, and the species name, \"spinosus\", means that it is even more spiny.\nThe stipules (small leaf-like structures at the base of the leaf stem) are thin and fall off early.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Ceanothus spinosus_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "Leaves have a single main vein rising from the leaf base. The thick, firm evergreen leaves are hairless, oval, and up to an inch wide, with smooth margins.\nThe bark is smooth and olive green, giving rise to its common name. The stem is a rough-barked trunk near the base. Branches are stiff and sharp, or spiny, at the tips. \"Ceanothus\" means \"spiny plant\" in Greek, and the species name, \"spinosus\", means that it is even more spiny.\nThe stipules (small leaf-like structures at the base of the leaf stem) are thin and fall off early.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Ceanothus spinosus_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "Leaves have a single main vein rising from the leaf base. The thick, firm evergreen leaves are hairless, oval, and up to an inch wide, with smooth margins.\nThe bark is smooth and olive green, giving rise to its common name. The stem is a rough-barked trunk near the base. Branches are stiff and sharp, or spiny, at the tips. \"Ceanothus\" means \"spiny plant\" in Greek, and the species name, \"spinosus\", means that it is even more spiny.\nThe stipules (small leaf-like structures at the base of the leaf stem) are thin and fall off early.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Ceanothus spinosus_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "Leaves have a single main vein rising from the leaf base. The thick, firm evergreen leaves are hairless, oval, and up to an inch wide, with smooth margins.\nThe bark is smooth and olive green, giving rise to its common name. The stem is a rough-barked trunk near the base. Branches are stiff and sharp, or spiny, at the tips. \"Ceanothus\" means \"spiny plant\" in Greek, and the species name, \"spinosus\", means that it is even more spiny.\nThe stipules (small leaf-like structures at the base of the leaf stem) are thin and fall off early.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Ceanothus spinosus_3", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "Leaves have a single main vein rising from the leaf base. The thick, firm evergreen leaves are hairless, oval, and up to an inch wide, with smooth margins.\nThe bark is smooth and olive green, giving rise to its common name. The stem is a rough-barked trunk near the base. Branches are stiff and sharp, or spiny, at the tips. \"Ceanothus\" means \"spiny plant\" in Greek, and the species name, \"spinosus\", means that it is even more spiny.\nThe stipules (small leaf-like structures at the base of the leaf stem) are thin and fall off early.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Pancratium maritimum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Pancratium maritimum is a bulbous perennial with a long neck and glaucous, broadly linear leaves, evergreen, but the leaves often die back during hot summers. Scape to 40 centimetres (16 in). Flowers 3–15 in an umbel, up to 15 cm (6 in) long, white. Corona two-thirds as long as the tepals. The flowers have a pleasing, exotic and very subtle lily scent, which only becomes apparent during still, windless summer nights that allow the delicate fragrance to become perceptible. Flowering is from August to October.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Pancratium maritimum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Pancratium maritimum is a bulbous perennial with a long neck and glaucous, broadly linear leaves, evergreen, but the leaves often die back during hot summers. Scape to 40 centimetres (16 in). Flowers 3–15 in an umbel, up to 15 cm (6 in) long, white. Corona two-thirds as long as the tepals. The flowers have a pleasing, exotic and very subtle lily scent, which only becomes apparent during still, windless summer nights that allow the delicate fragrance to become perceptible. Flowering is from August to October.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Pancratium maritimum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Pancratium maritimum is a bulbous perennial with a long neck and glaucous, broadly linear leaves, evergreen, but the leaves often die back during hot summers. Scape to 40 centimetres (16 in). Flowers 3–15 in an umbel, up to 15 cm (6 in) long, white. Corona two-thirds as long as the tepals. The flowers have a pleasing, exotic and very subtle lily scent, which only becomes apparent during still, windless summer nights that allow the delicate fragrance to become perceptible. Flowering is from August to October.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Pancratium maritimum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Pancratium maritimum is a bulbous perennial with a long neck and glaucous, broadly linear leaves, evergreen, but the leaves often die back during hot summers. Scape to 40 centimetres (16 in). Flowers 3–15 in an umbel, up to 15 cm (6 in) long, white. Corona two-thirds as long as the tepals. The flowers have a pleasing, exotic and very subtle lily scent, which only becomes apparent during still, windless summer nights that allow the delicate fragrance to become perceptible. Flowering is from August to October.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Pancratium maritimum_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Pancratium maritimum is a bulbous perennial with a long neck and glaucous, broadly linear leaves, evergreen, but the leaves often die back during hot summers. Scape to 40 centimetres (16 in). Flowers 3–15 in an umbel, up to 15 cm (6 in) long, white. Corona two-thirds as long as the tepals. The flowers have a pleasing, exotic and very subtle lily scent, which only becomes apparent during still, windless summer nights that allow the delicate fragrance to become perceptible. Flowering is from August to October.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Sedum sexangulare_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Sedum sexangulare, also known as tasteless stonecrop, is a species of succulent perennial and evergreen plant of the genus Sedum. It is similar to Sedum acre, but has shorter and denser leaves. It gained the binomial name (\"six-angled\") for its characteristic six spirals of leaves. S. sexangulare is about 15 cm (5 in) tall and is native to Europe and Asia, where it grows in the wild and is often cultivated as an ornamental plant. The plant needs wet or dry sandy soil and a sunny spot. It blooms in June and July with yellow, star-shaped flowers, which attract bees and other insects.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Sedum sexangulare_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Sedum sexangulare, also known as tasteless stonecrop, is a species of succulent perennial and evergreen plant of the genus Sedum. It is similar to Sedum acre, but has shorter and denser leaves. It gained the binomial name (\"six-angled\") for its characteristic six spirals of leaves. S. sexangulare is about 15 cm (5 in) tall and is native to Europe and Asia, where it grows in the wild and is often cultivated as an ornamental plant. The plant needs wet or dry sandy soil and a sunny spot. It blooms in June and July with yellow, star-shaped flowers, which attract bees and other insects.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Sedum sexangulare_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Sedum sexangulare, also known as tasteless stonecrop, is a species of succulent perennial and evergreen plant of the genus Sedum. It is similar to Sedum acre, but has shorter and denser leaves. It gained the binomial name (\"six-angled\") for its characteristic six spirals of leaves. S. sexangulare is about 15 cm (5 in) tall and is native to Europe and Asia, where it grows in the wild and is often cultivated as an ornamental plant. The plant needs wet or dry sandy soil and a sunny spot. It blooms in June and July with yellow, star-shaped flowers, which attract bees and other insects.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Sedum sexangulare_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Sedum sexangulare, also known as tasteless stonecrop, is a species of succulent perennial and evergreen plant of the genus Sedum. It is similar to Sedum acre, but has shorter and denser leaves. It gained the binomial name (\"six-angled\") for its characteristic six spirals of leaves. S. sexangulare is about 15 cm (5 in) tall and is native to Europe and Asia, where it grows in the wild and is often cultivated as an ornamental plant. The plant needs wet or dry sandy soil and a sunny spot. It blooms in June and July with yellow, star-shaped flowers, which attract bees and other insects.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Sedum sexangulare_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Sedum sexangulare, also known as tasteless stonecrop, is a species of succulent perennial and evergreen plant of the genus Sedum. It is similar to Sedum acre, but has shorter and denser leaves. It gained the binomial name (\"six-angled\") for its characteristic six spirals of leaves. S. sexangulare is about 15 cm (5 in) tall and is native to Europe and Asia, where it grows in the wild and is often cultivated as an ornamental plant. The plant needs wet or dry sandy soil and a sunny spot. It blooms in June and July with yellow, star-shaped flowers, which attract bees and other insects.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Saxifraga aizoides_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "Saxifraga aizoides is an evergreen perennial which branches at or below ground level, and grows to 2–10 centimetres (0.79–3.94 in). It spreads by short rhizomes, forming mats of small colonies.\nThe flowers, with five sepals and petals, are yellow—green.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "preventative" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Saxifraga aizoides_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "Saxifraga aizoides is an evergreen perennial which branches at or below ground level, and grows to 2–10 centimetres (0.79–3.94 in). It spreads by short rhizomes, forming mats of small colonies.\nThe flowers, with five sepals and petals, are yellow—green.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "preventative" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Saxifraga aizoides_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "Saxifraga aizoides is an evergreen perennial which branches at or below ground level, and grows to 2–10 centimetres (0.79–3.94 in). It spreads by short rhizomes, forming mats of small colonies.\nThe flowers, with five sepals and petals, are yellow—green.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "preventative" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Saxifraga aizoides_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "Saxifraga aizoides is an evergreen perennial which branches at or below ground level, and grows to 2–10 centimetres (0.79–3.94 in). It spreads by short rhizomes, forming mats of small colonies.\nThe flowers, with five sepals and petals, are yellow—green.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "preventative" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Saxifraga aizoides_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_5" ]

[ "Saxifraga aizoides is an evergreen perennial which branches at or below ground level, and grows to 2–10 centimetres (0.79–3.94 in). It spreads by short rhizomes, forming mats of small colonies.\nThe flowers, with five sepals and petals, are yellow—green.", "A major threat to evergreen trees is the fungus Rhizosphere kalkhoffii, which causes the commonly green needles to appear brown or purple in color. This disease is called needle cast disease, and is widespread in Minnesota and other US states. This fungi spreads through splashing water to adjacent trees and needles. It has been found that needle infection occur at an average temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Some particular trees are in fact resistant to the disease, such as Plant Norway (P. abides) or white spruce (P. glaucid), while others such as Colorado blue spruce (Pica pungent) are extremely at risk of contracting the disease. Preventative efforts to protect the evergreens include fungicide, mulch at the base of the tree and increased sprinkler control to prevent the water contamination. Within recent years, this detrimental disease has entered into Canada and provides challenges for commercial conifer tree growers (such as Christmas trees), and extensive research was conducted into possible fungicides for this disease with no clear cut option being presented. Therefore the future research regarding evergreen longevity is highly linked to additional counter measures to Rhizosphere kalkhoffii by looking at other fungicide potions." ]

[ "preventative" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Paxistima myrsinites_2", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "The wild shrub is a good food source for wild animals such as elk, moose, which browse its evergreen leaves in the winter, and grouse.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Paxistima myrsinites_2", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "The wild shrub is a good food source for wild animals such as elk, moose, which browse its evergreen leaves in the winter, and grouse.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Paxistima myrsinites_2", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "The wild shrub is a good food source for wild animals such as elk, moose, which browse its evergreen leaves in the winter, and grouse.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Paxistima myrsinites_2", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "The wild shrub is a good food source for wild animals such as elk, moose, which browse its evergreen leaves in the winter, and grouse.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Paxistima myrsinites_2", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "The wild shrub is a good food source for wild animals such as elk, moose, which browse its evergreen leaves in the winter, and grouse.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Paxistima myrsinites_2", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "The wild shrub is a good food source for wild animals such as elk, moose, which browse its evergreen leaves in the winter, and grouse.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Paxistima myrsinites_2", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "The wild shrub is a good food source for wild animals such as elk, moose, which browse its evergreen leaves in the winter, and grouse.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Paxistima myrsinites_2", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "The wild shrub is a good food source for wild animals such as elk, moose, which browse its evergreen leaves in the winter, and grouse.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Paxistima myrsinites_2", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "The wild shrub is a good food source for wild animals such as elk, moose, which browse its evergreen leaves in the winter, and grouse.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Paxistima myrsinites_2", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "The wild shrub is a good food source for wild animals such as elk, moose, which browse its evergreen leaves in the winter, and grouse.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "longevity" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Pterocelastrus tricuspidatus_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Pterocelastrus tricuspidatus, commonly called candlewood, cherrywood or kershout, is a medium-sized evergreen tree, indigenous to South Africa.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Pterocelastrus tricuspidatus_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Pterocelastrus tricuspidatus, commonly called candlewood, cherrywood or kershout, is a medium-sized evergreen tree, indigenous to South Africa.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Pterocelastrus tricuspidatus_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Pterocelastrus tricuspidatus, commonly called candlewood, cherrywood or kershout, is a medium-sized evergreen tree, indigenous to South Africa.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Pterocelastrus tricuspidatus_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Pterocelastrus tricuspidatus, commonly called candlewood, cherrywood or kershout, is a medium-sized evergreen tree, indigenous to South Africa.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Pterocelastrus tricuspidatus_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_1" ]

[ "Pterocelastrus tricuspidatus, commonly called candlewood, cherrywood or kershout, is a medium-sized evergreen tree, indigenous to South Africa.", "There are many different kinds of evergreen plants, both trees and shrubs. Evergreens include:\nMost species of conifers (e.g., pine, hemlock, blue spruce, and red cedar), but not all (e.g., larch)\nLive oak, holly, and \"ancient\" gymnosperms such as cycads\nMost angiosperms from frost-free climates, such as eucalypts and rainforest trees\nClubmosses and relatives\nThe Latin binomial term sempervirens, meaning \"always green\", refers to the evergreen nature of the plant, for instance\nCupressus sempervirens (a cypress)\nLonicera sempervirens (a honeysuckle)\nSequoia sempervirens (a sequoia)\nLeaf longevity in evergreen plants varies from a few months to several decades (over thirty years in the Great Basin Bristlecone Pine)." ]

[ "live" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Erica arborea_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Erica arborea is an upright evergreen shrub or small tree with a typical height in the wild of some 7 m (23 ft), especially in Africa, but more typically 1–4 m (3–13 ft) in gardens. It bears dark green needle-like leaves and numerous small honey-scented bell-shaped white flowers. It is a calcifuge, preferring acid soil in an open sunny situation.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Erica arborea_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Erica arborea is an upright evergreen shrub or small tree with a typical height in the wild of some 7 m (23 ft), especially in Africa, but more typically 1–4 m (3–13 ft) in gardens. It bears dark green needle-like leaves and numerous small honey-scented bell-shaped white flowers. It is a calcifuge, preferring acid soil in an open sunny situation.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Erica arborea_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Erica arborea is an upright evergreen shrub or small tree with a typical height in the wild of some 7 m (23 ft), especially in Africa, but more typically 1–4 m (3–13 ft) in gardens. It bears dark green needle-like leaves and numerous small honey-scented bell-shaped white flowers. It is a calcifuge, preferring acid soil in an open sunny situation.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Erica arborea_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Erica arborea is an upright evergreen shrub or small tree with a typical height in the wild of some 7 m (23 ft), especially in Africa, but more typically 1–4 m (3–13 ft) in gardens. It bears dark green needle-like leaves and numerous small honey-scented bell-shaped white flowers. It is a calcifuge, preferring acid soil in an open sunny situation.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Erica arborea_1", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_0" ]

[ "Erica arborea is an upright evergreen shrub or small tree with a typical height in the wild of some 7 m (23 ft), especially in Africa, but more typically 1–4 m (3–13 ft) in gardens. It bears dark green needle-like leaves and numerous small honey-scented bell-shaped white flowers. It is a calcifuge, preferring acid soil in an open sunny situation.", "In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which completely lose their foliage during the winter or dry season." ]

[ "warm" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Atriplex canescens_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_2" ]

[ "Atriplex canescens (or chamiso, chamiza, four-wing saltbush) is a species of evergreen shrub in the family Amaranthaceae native to the western and midwestern United States.", "Japanese umbrella pine is unique in that it has its own family of which it is the only species." ]

[ "families" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Atriplex canescens_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_2" ]

[ "Atriplex canescens (or chamiso, chamiza, four-wing saltbush) is a species of evergreen shrub in the family Amaranthaceae native to the western and midwestern United States.", "Japanese umbrella pine is unique in that it has its own family of which it is the only species." ]

[ "families" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Atriplex canescens_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_2" ]

[ "Atriplex canescens (or chamiso, chamiza, four-wing saltbush) is a species of evergreen shrub in the family Amaranthaceae native to the western and midwestern United States.", "Japanese umbrella pine is unique in that it has its own family of which it is the only species." ]

[ "families" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Atriplex canescens_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_2" ]

[ "Atriplex canescens (or chamiso, chamiza, four-wing saltbush) is a species of evergreen shrub in the family Amaranthaceae native to the western and midwestern United States.", "Japanese umbrella pine is unique in that it has its own family of which it is the only species." ]

[ "families" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Atriplex canescens_0", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_2" ]

[ "Atriplex canescens (or chamiso, chamiza, four-wing saltbush) is a species of evergreen shrub in the family Amaranthaceae native to the western and midwestern United States.", "Japanese umbrella pine is unique in that it has its own family of which it is the only species." ]

[ "families" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Polistes carnifex_13", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]

[ "The species is found in coastal, humid, and open areas, such as in evergreen tropical forests. In tropical zones like Paraguay, Brazil and Argentina it is found in extensive wooded habitats without heavy rains.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]

[ "gradually" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Polistes carnifex_13", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]

[ "The species is found in coastal, humid, and open areas, such as in evergreen tropical forests. In tropical zones like Paraguay, Brazil and Argentina it is found in extensive wooded habitats without heavy rains.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]

[ "gradually" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Polistes carnifex_13", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]

[ "The species is found in coastal, humid, and open areas, such as in evergreen tropical forests. In tropical zones like Paraguay, Brazil and Argentina it is found in extensive wooded habitats without heavy rains.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]

[ "gradually" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Polistes carnifex_13", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]

[ "The species is found in coastal, humid, and open areas, such as in evergreen tropical forests. In tropical zones like Paraguay, Brazil and Argentina it is found in extensive wooded habitats without heavy rains.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]

[ "gradually" ]

[ "WikiWeb_Polistes carnifex_13", "WikiWeb_Evergreen_4" ]

[ "The species is found in coastal, humid, and open areas, such as in evergreen tropical forests. In tropical zones like Paraguay, Brazil and Argentina it is found in extensive wooded habitats without heavy rains.", "Deciduous trees shed their leaves usually as an adaptation to a cold or dry/wet season. Evergreen trees do lose leaves, but each tree loses its leaves gradually and not all at once. Most tropical rainforest plants are considered to be evergreens, replacing their leaves gradually throughout the year as the leaves age and fall, whereas species growing in seasonally arid climates may be either evergreen or deciduous. Most warm temperate climate plants are also evergreen. In cool temperate climates, fewer plants are evergreen. In this climate, there is a predominance of conifers because few evergreen broadleaf plants can tolerate severe cold below about −26 °C (−15 °F).\nIn areas where there is a reason for being deciduous, e.g. a cold season or dry season, evergreen plants are usually an adaptation of low nutrient levels. Additionally, they are usually sclerophyllous,(meaning hard-leaved) and have an excellent water economy due to scarce resources in the area in which they reside. The excellent water economy within the evergreen species is due to high abundance when compared to deciduous species. Whereas, deciduous trees lose nutrients whenever they lose their leaves. In warmer areas, species such as some pines and cypresses grow on poor soils and disturbed ground. In Rhododendron, a genus with many broadleaf evergreens, several species grow in mature forests but are usually found on highly acidic soil where the nutrients are less available to plants. In taiga or boreal forests, it is too cold for the organic matter in the soil to decay rapidly, so the nutrients in the soil are less easily available to plants, thus favoring evergreens.\nIn temperate climates, evergreens can reinforce their own survival; evergreen leaf and needle litter has a higher carbon-nitrogen ratio than deciduous leaf litter, contributing to a higher soil acidity and lower soil nitrogen content. This is the case with Mediterranean evergreen seedlings, which have unique C and N storages that allow stored resources to determine fast growth within the species, limiting competition and bolstering survival. These conditions favor the growth of more evergreens and make it more difficult for deciduous plants to persist. In addition, the shelter provided by existing evergreen plants can make it easier for younger evergreen plants to survive cold and/or drought." ]

[ "gradually" ]